Left ventricular aneurysm

Fig. 2. Fibrin sealant spray application at site of left ventricular aneurysm repair to facilitate hemostasis (arrow points to adhesive).

Myocardial infarction Left ventricular aneurysm Cardiomyopathy Myxoma... 

Bhatnagar SK. Observations of the relationship between left ventricular aneurysm and ST segment elevation in patients with a first acute anterior Q wave myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 1994 15 1500. 

Reddy CV, Cheriparambill K, Saul B et al. Fragmented left sided QRS in absence of bundle branch block sign of left ventricular aneurysm. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2006 11 132. 

Qin JX, Jones M, Shiota T, Greenberg NL et al (2000) Validation of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography for quantifying left ventricular volumes in the presence of a left ventricular aneurysm in vitro and in vivo studies. J Am Coll Cardiol 36 900-907... 

The principle of left ventricular reduction according to Batista is to improve myocardial waU tension by reducing ventricular size based on Laplaces law. This is done by direct resection of a variable myocardial portion (partial left ventriculectomy) from the anterior, lateral, or posterior wall. In most patients having undergone this procedure, a circumscribed scar is visualized at the site of the ventriculotomy. In patients with left ventricular aneurysms, linear aneurysmal resection in which the aneurysmal sac is incised and the vital myocardium approximated by simple linear suture has become rare. The most widely used alternative technique is the Dor procedure where the aneurysm is incised and phcated by a purse-string suture around its neck. The remaining defect is covered with a synthetic patch over which the... 

Haraki T, Ueda K, Shintani H, et al. Spontaneous development of left ventricular aneurysm in a patient with untreated sarcoidosis. Circ J 2002 66 519-521. 

Acute Myocardial Infarction (MI) Acute Pericarditis High take off Brugada syndrome Left ventricular aneurysm Prinzmetals angina... 

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is defined by three or more repetitive PVCs occurring at a rate greater than 100 beats/min. It occurs most commonly in acute myocardial infarction (MI) other causes are severe electrolyte abnormalities (e.g., hypokalemia), hypoxemia, and digitalis toxicity. The chronic recurrent form is almost always associated with underlying organic heart disease (e.g., idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy or remote MI with left ventricular [LV] aneurysm). 

The ACE gene encodes two isozymes (somatic ACE isozyme and germinal ACE isozyme). ACE is a membrane-bound enzyme on the surface of vascular endothelial cells that also circulates in plasma and shows great individual variability determined by an I/D polymorphism in intron 16 of the ACE gene (ACE-I/D polymorphism). More than 160 ACE polymorphisms have been reported, 34 of which are located in coding regions, and 18 are missense mutations (606). ACE-related polymorphic variants have been associated with hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke, left ventricular hypertrophy, chronic renal failure in IgA nephropathy, Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis, mechanical efficiency of skeletal muscle, intracranial aneurysms, susceptibility to myocardial infarction, diabetic nephropathy, AD, and longevity (12,606,607). 

Cocaine abuse is a risk factor for myocardial ischemia, infarction, and dysrhythmias, as well as pulmonary edema, ruptured aortic aneurysm, infectious endocarditis, vascular thrombosis, myocarditis, and dilated cardiomyopathy (32). Acutely, cocaine suppresses myocardial contractility, reduces coronary caliber and coronary blood flow, induces electrical abnormalities in the heart, and increases heart rate and blood pressure. These effects can lead to myocardial ischemia (33,34). However, intranasal cocaine in doses used medicinally or recreationally does not have a deleterious effect on intracardiac pressures or left ventricular performance (35). 

SherifNE. The rsR pattern in left surface leads in ventricular aneurysm. Br Heart J 1970 32 440. 

Myocardial infarction (MI) commonly causes intraventricular thrombus to form on the damaged surface of the endocardium. Stroke or systemic embolism can occur in up to 12% of patients with acute MI and a left ventricular thrombus. Stroke rate is even higher in those with anterior infarcts, reaching 20% of those with large anteroapical [41] infarcts. Poor left ventricular function and ventricular aneurysm is also associated with increased risk of embolic stroke. Embolism is more frequent during the first 1-3 months, although the embolic risk remains substantial even beyond the acute phase in patients with AF, persistent myocardial dysfunction, or congestive heart failure [7, 41]. 

Left Ventricular Reduction Surgery Using Partial Left Ventriculectomy (the Batista Procedure) or Aneurysmal Resection with Endoventricular Patch Plasty (the Dor Procedure)... 

Huisman RM, Sipkema P, Westerhof N, Elzinga G (1980) Comparison of models used to calculate left ventricular wall force. Med Biol Eng Comput 18 133-144 Janz RF, Waldron RJ (1978) Predicted effect of chronic apical aneurysms on the passive stiffness of the human left ventricle. Circ Res 42 255-263... 

Multiple microemboli from disintegration of preexisting thrombus an5rwhere in the vascular system may endanger life these commonly originate in an enlarged left atrium, or a ventricular or aortic aneurysm. 

MDCT provides detailed three-dimensional information on the geometry of the left ventricle, including the exact location and dimension of the aneurysm. Three-dimensional models of the heart based on MDCT data sets may help the surgeon to assess the ideal resection lines and to determine the residual ventricular size and shape after a reconstructive procedure (Jacobs et al.2008). 

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