Cardiomyopathy idiopathic dilated

Polymorphisms of the beta adrenergic receptors have also been studied in patients with heart failure and cardiomyopathy, or other complex and rather ill-defined phenotypes. In patients with heart failure due to ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, the Thrl64Ile polymorphism in the />2-adrerioreceplor was significantly associated with survival rate at one year [62]. Similarly, the Ser49Gly polymorphism of the /Vadrenoreceptor gene has been linked to the improved survival of patients with idiopathic cardiomyopathy [63]. However, sample size was limited in those studies and results need to be confirmed in adequately powered studies. 

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is defined by three or more repetitive PVCs occurring at a rate greater than 100 beats/min. It occurs most commonly in acute myocardial infarction (MI) other causes are severe electrolyte abnormalities (e.g., hypokalemia), hypoxemia, and digitalis toxicity. The chronic recurrent form is almost always associated with underlying organic heart disease (e.g., idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy or remote MI with left ventricular [LV] aneurysm). 

Herrmann, S., Schmidt-Petersen, K., Pfeifer, J., et al. (2001) A polymorphism in the endothe-lin-A receptor gene predicts survival in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur. Heart]. 22, 1948-1953. 

Charron, P., Tesson, E., Poirier, O., et al. (1999) Identification of a genetic risk factor for idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Involvement of a polymorphism in the endothehn receptor type A gene. CARDIGENE group. Eur. Heart J. 20, 1587-1591. 

On the other hand, clinical evidence suggests that p-blockers produce favorable effects in certain forms of congestive heart failure (idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy). 

In more recent times p-blocker on a long term were found to improve cardiac performance — particularly in idiopathic dilating cardiomyopathy — probably by preventing sympathetic overdrive. 

Merlet P, Benvenuti C, Moyse D, Pouillart F, Dubois-Rande JL, Duval AM et al. Prognostic value of MIBG imaging in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. J Nucl Med 1999 40 917-923... 

Gerson MC, Craft LL, McGuire N, Suresh DP, Abraham WT, Wagoner LE. Carvedilol improves left ventricular function in heart failure patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and a wide range of sympathetic nervous system function as measured by iodine 123 metaiodoben-zylguanidine. J Nucl Cardiol 2002 9 608-615... 

Agarwal AK, Venugopalan P. Beneficial effect of carvedilol on heart rate response to exercise in digitalised patients with heart failure in atrial fibrillation due to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 2001 3 437-40. 

Hochleitner M, Hortnagl H, Ng CK, Gschnitzer F, Zechmann W. Usefulness of physiologic dual-chamber pacing in drug-resistant idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. [see comment]. Am. J. Cardiol. 1990 66 198-202. 

Gold MR, Shorofsky SR, Metcalf MD, Feliciano Z, Fisher ML, Gottlieb SS. The acute hemodynamic effects of right ventricular septal pacing in patients with congestive heart failure secondary to ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am. J. Cardiol. 1997 79 679-81. 

Kieny JR, Sacrez A, Facello A, et al. Increase in radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction after cardioversion of chronic atrial fibrillation in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur. Heart J. 1992 13 1290-5. 

Grogan M, Smith HC, Gersh BJ, Wood DL. Left ventricular dysfunction due to atrial fibrillation in patients initially beheved to have idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am. J. Cardiol. 1570 69 1570-3. 

Sade LE, Kanzaki H, Severyn D, Dohi K, Gorcsan J, III. Quantification of radial mechanical dyssynchrony in patients with left bundle branch block and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy without conduction delay by tissue displacement imaging. Am. J. Cardiol. 2004 94 514-8. 

Breast, ovary, prostate Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy... 

D. Neglia, G. Sambuceti, P. lozzo, A. L Abbate, H.W. Strauss, Myocardial metabolic and receptor imaging in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 29 (2002) 1403-1413. 

S. Yamada, T. Ohkura, S. Uchida, K. Inabe, Y. Iwatani, R. Kimura, T. Hoshino, T. Kaburagi, A sustained increase in /l-adrenoceptors during long-term therapy with metoprolol and bisoprolol in patients with heart failure from idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, Life Sci. 58 (1996) 1737-1744. 

D. Le Guludec, A. Cohen-Solal, J. Delforge, N. Delahaye, A. Syrota, P. Merlet, Increased myocardial muscarinic receptor density in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy an in vivo PET study. Circulation 96 (1997) 3416-3422. 

Pathophysiology can influence muscarinic activity in other ways as well. Circulating autoantibodies against the second extracellular loop of cardiac M2 muscarinic receptors have been detected in some patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and those afflicted with Chagas1 disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. These antibodies exert parasympathomimetic actions on the heart that are prevented by atropine. In animals immunized with a peptide from the second extracellular loop of the M2 receptor, the antibody is an allosteric modulator of the receptor. Although their role in the pathology of heart failure is unknown, these antibodies should provide clues to the molecular basis of receptor activation because their site of action differs from the orthosteric site where acetylcholine binds (see Chapter 2). 

Di Lenarda A, Sabbadini G, Salvatore L. Long-term effects of carvedilol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy with persistent left ventricular dysfunction despite chronic metoprolol. The Heart-Muscle Disease Study Group. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999 33 1926-1934. 

Waagstein F Bristow MR, Swedberg K, et al. Beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (MDC) Trial Study Group. Lancet 1993 342 1441-1446. 

Pohlner, K., Portig, I., Pankuweit, S., Lottspeich, F., Maisch, B. (1997). Identification of mitochondrial antigens recognized by antibodies in sera of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy by two- dimensional gel electrophoresis and protein sequencing. Am.]. Cardiol. 80, 1040-1045. 

I ier CV, Dalpiaz K, Huss P, HermiUer JB, Magorieu RD, Bashore TM, Uuverferth DV. Amriuoue therapy for couges-tive heart failure iu outpatieuts with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1983 52(3) 304-8. 

Rowan RA, Masek MA, Billingham ME. Ultrastructural morphometric analysis of endomyocardial biopsies. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, anthracycline cardiotoxicity, and normal myocardium. Am J Cardiovasc Pathol 1988 2(2) 137 4. 

Fauchier L, Babuty D, Cosnay P, Fauchier JP. Digoxin and mortality in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2000 21(10) 858-9. 

A 74-year-old man with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy was given dobutamine (5 micrograms/kg/minute) to determine whether it would produce a positive inotropic effect (8). After 14 minutes he developed asymptomatic pulsus alternans, which resolved within 20 minutes of withdrawal. 

Grinstead WC, Francis MJ, Marks GF, Tawa CB, Zoghbi WA, Young JB. Discontinuation of chronic diuretic therapy in stable congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease or to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1994 73(12) 881-6. 

Feldman AM, Baughman KL, Lee WK, Gottlieb SH, Weiss JL, Becker LC, Strobeck JE. Usefulness of OPC-8212, a quinoUnone derivative, for chronic congestive heart failure in patients with ischemic heart disease or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1991 68(11) 1203-10. 

Jahns R, Boivin V, Hein L, et al. Direct evidence for a p,-adrenergic receptor-directed autoimmune attack as a cause of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. J Clin Invest 2004 113 1419-1429. 

Elnatan J, Molenaar P, Rosenfeldt FL, Summers RJ. Autoradiographic localization and quantitation of pr and p2-adrenoceptors in the human atrioventricular conducting system a comparison of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and ischemic heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1994 26 313-323. 

---