Lead-Acid Batteries in Automotive Applications — A Battery Manufacturers Perspective

VALVE-REGULATED LEAD-ACID BATTERIES IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS — A BATTERY MANUFACTURER S PERSPECTIVE 

the automotive battery preferred for the SLI function in cars is a flooded, 

12-V design and comprises six lead-acid cells in a monobloc container. This battery is compatible with the vehicle electrical system that operates in the voltage range from about 12 to 14 V. Until around 1970, 6-V systems were also in use. In European trucks and buses on the other hand, it is common practice for two, 12-V batteries to be connected in series to achieve a nominal voltage of 24 V. 

The function of the battery in a vehicle powered by an ICE is clear. In other types of vehicles, however, the function of the battery can be quite different. In the early days of motorized road transport, many vehicles were powered by electrical systems. The energy for the electric drive was provided from a storage battery, which, after 

a storage battery that is mainly used for propulsion of a vehicle and is recharged from an external energy source is referred to as a traction battery . Typical applications are forklift trucks, automatically guided vehicles (AGVs) in modern production and logistics, and on-road electric vehicles (EVs). 

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