Langmuir-Blodgett properties

Nakamura T, Tachibana H, Yumara M, Matsumoto M and Tagaki W 1993 Structure and physical properties of Langmuir-Blodgett films of Cgg with amphiphilic matrix molecules Synth. Met. 55 3131-6... 

Goldenberg L M 1994 Eleotroohemioal properties of Langmuir-Blodgett films J. Electroanal. Chem. 379 3-19 Chlistunoff J, Cliffel D and Bard A J 1995 Eleotroohemistry of fullerene films Thin Solid Films 257 166-84... 

Brynda E, Koropeoky I, Kalvoda L and Nespurek S 1991 Eleetrioal and photoeleetrioal properties of oopper tetra[4-tert-butylphthaloeyanine] Langmuir-Blodgett-films Thin Solid Films 199 375-84... 

Uchida M, Tanizaki T, Kunitake T and Ka]iyama T 1989 Surface stability and functional property of polymerized Langmuir-Blodgett type films Maoromoieouies 22 2381-7... 

Kalachev A A, Sauer T, Vogel V, Plate N A and Wegner G 1990 Influence of subphase conditions on the properties of Langmuir-Blodgett-films from substituted phthalocyaninato-polysiloxanes Thin Solid Films 188 341-53... 

The area of colloids, surfactants, and fluid interfaces is large in scope. It encompasses all fluid-fluid and fluid-solid systems in which interfacial properties play a dominant role in determining the behavior of the overall system. Such systems are often characterized by large surface-to-volume ratios (e.g., thin films, sols, and foams) and by the formation of macroscopic assembhes of molecules (e.g., colloids, micelles, vesicles, and Langmuir-Blodgett films). The peculiar properties of the interfaces in such media give rise to these otherwise unlikely (and often inherently unstable) structures. 

General Properties of Monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett Films of C60 and C70... 

Nonlinear Optical Properties of Langmuir-Blodgett Films Containing C60 and Derivatives... 

The Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique was successfully applied for the deposition of thin protein layers (Langmuir and Schaefer 1938, Tiede 1985, Lvov et al. 1991). LB organization of protein molecules in film not only preserved the structure and functionality of the molecules, but also resulted in the appearance of new, useful properties, such as enhanced thermal stability (Nicolini et al. 1993 Erokhin et al. 1995). 

Therefore, investigators have shown considerable interest in the adoption of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, or its modifications, to make molecular electronic devices using, in particular, as an active component, a light-transducing protein, such as BR. In fact, the ability of BR to form thin films with excellent optical properties and the intrinsic properties themselves make it an outstanding candidate for use in optically coupled devices. 

The artificial lipid bilayer is often prepared via the vesicle-fusion method [8]. In the vesicle fusion process, immersing a solid substrate in a vesicle dispersion solution induces adsorption and rupture of the vesicles on the substrate, which yields a planar and continuous lipid bilayer structure (Figure 13.1) [9]. The Langmuir-Blodgett transfer process is also a useful method [10]. These artificial lipid bilayers can support various biomolecules [11-16]. However, we have to take care because some transmembrane proteins incorporated in these artificial lipid bilayers interact directly with the substrate surface due to a lack of sufficient space between the bilayer and the substrate. This alters the native properties of the proteins and prohibits free diffusion in the lipid bilayer [17[. To avoid this undesirable situation, polymer-supported bilayers [7, 18, 19] or tethered bilayers [20, 21] are used. 

The very popular applications of the adsorption potential measurements are those dealing with the surface potential changes at the water-air and water-hydrocarbon interfaces when a monolayer film is formed by an adsorbed substance. Phospholipid mono-layers, for instance, formed at such interfaces have been extensively used to study the surface properties of the monolayers, which are expected to represent, to some extent, the surface properties of bilayers, and biological, as well as various artificial membranes. An interest in a number of applications of the ordered thin organic films, e.g., Langmuir-Blodgett layers, dominated the insoluble monolayer research activity during the last decade. 

Ray, K. and T. N. Mishra. 1997. Photophysical properties of lycopene organized in Langmuir-Blodgett films Formation of aggregates. J. Photochem. Photobiol A 107 201-205. 

Geddes NJ, Sambles JR, Jarvis DJ, Parker WG, Sandman DJ (1992) The electrical properties of metal-sandwiched Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers and monolayers of a redox-active organic molecular compound. J Appl Phys 71 756-768... 

Baldwin JW, Amaresh RR, Peterson IR, Shumate WJ, Cava MP, Amiri MA, Hamilton R, Ashwell GJ, Metzger RM (2002) Rectification and nonlinear optical properties of a Langmuir-Blodgett monolayer of a pyridinium dye. J Phys Chem B106 12158-12164... 

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