Langmuir—Blodgett technique

Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique is one of the processing techniques for the fabrication of thin films of functional materials with controlled film thickness. For the fabrication of the thin films with nano-level control of film thickness, number 

Molecular composites from hairy-rod molecules prepared via the Langmuir-Blodgett technique [71] 

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Sotobayashi FI, Schilling T and Tesche B 1990 Scanning tunnelling microscopy of polyimide monolayers prepared by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique Langmuir 6 1246... 

Orthmann E and Wegner G 1986 Preparation of ultrathin layers of molecularly controlled architecture from polymeric phthalocyanines by the Langmuir-Blodgett-technique 1986 Angew. Chem. Int. Edn. Engl. 25 1105-7... 

Dominguez, D.D.,Mowery, R. L., and Turner, N. H., Friction and Durabilities of Well-Ordered, Close Packed Carboxylic Acid Monolayers Deposited on Glass and Steel Surfaces by the Langmuir-Blodgett Technique, Tribal. Trans., yi. No. 1, 1994, pp. 59-66. 

Therefore, investigators have shown considerable interest in the adoption of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, or its modifications, to make molecular electronic devices using, in particular, as an active component, a light-transducing protein, such as BR. In fact, the ability of BR to form thin films with excellent optical properties and the intrinsic properties themselves make it an outstanding candidate for use in optically coupled devices. 

Supported lipid bilayers on planar silicon substrates have been formed using S-layer protein from B. coagulans E38/vl and from B. sphaericus CCM 2177 as support onto which l,2-dimyristoyl-OT-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) (pure or mixtures with 30% cholesterol) or DPPC bilayers were deposited by the Langmuir-Blodgett-technique (Pig. 

Innocent surfaces do not allow formation of such extended 2D areas as has been demonstrated by using carbon coated copper grids (for TEM) or liquid surfaces as used for Langmuir-Blodgett techniques. Only islands... 

Food typically is a complicated system with diverse interfaces. Stable air-water or oil-water interfaces are essential for the production of food foams and emulsions. Interface phenomena, therefore, attract great interest in the food industry. AFM provides enough resolution to visualize the interface structures, but it cannot be directly applied on air-liquid or liquid-liquid interfaces. Fortunately, the interface structure can be captured and transferred onto a freshly cleaved mica substrate using Langmuir-Blodgett techniques for AFM scan. Images are normally captured under butanol to reduce adhesion between the probe and the sample. Then, sample distortion or damage can be avoided (Morris et al, 1999). 

Modified electrodes containing cyclam derivatives have been prepared. The approach utilizing cyclam incorporated in Nafion film on a carbon electrode shows that the catalytic efficiency of the system is much lower than observed when the catalyst is adsorbed on the mercury. With electrodes prepared following the Langmuir Blodgett technique, only the electrode materials that allow the orientation of the monolayer so that the tail points to the substrate were found to be electrocatalytically active.165... 

Fig. 3.5 Representation of a scheme of an experiment (upper set of drawings) and the obtained experimental results presented as AFM images (middle part) and cross-sectional profiles (bottom) that provides evidence of silica nucleation and shell formation on biopolymer macromolecules. Scheme of experiment. This includes the following main steps. 1. Protection of the mica surface against silica precipitation. It was covered with a fatty (ara-chidic) acid monolayer transferred from a water substrate with the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. This made the mica surface hydrophobic because of the orientation of the acid molecules with their hydrocarbon chains pointing outwards. 2. Adsorption of carbohydrate macromolecules. Hydrophobically modified cationic hydroxyethylcellulose was adsorbed from an aqueous solution. Hydrocarbon chains of polysaccharide served as anchors to fix the biomacromolecules firmly onto the acid monolayer. 3. Surface treatment by silica precursor. The mica covered with an acid mono-...

Huang, C. Lu, N. Chi, L. 2007. Surface patterning approaches based on Langmuir-Blodgett technique. Huaxue Jinzhan 19 852-859. 

Design of non-linear optical films by Langmuir-Blodgett technique... 

Here, we demonstrate that oriented PAV films with well-developed -conjugated system can be fabricated through the regulation of orientation of precursor polymer chains by use of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, and that large and anisotropic third-order optical nonlinearity was observed in the oriented PAV films. 

Y Cimrova, M Remmers, D Neher, and G Wegner, Polarized light emission from LEDs prepared by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, Adv. Mater., 8 146-149, 1996. 

In both cases the top layer of these layered polyelectrolyte films contains many ion sites that can bind redox ions by ion exchange vdth the electrolyte solution. Homo polypeptides such as poly(L-lysine) and poly(L-glutamic add) have been employed to form layered polyelectrolyte films with Fe(CN)6 " electrostatically adsorbed onto ammonium sites in poly(lysine) [45]. Modified electrodes with polyelectrolytes mono-layers have also been deposited using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique [46-48]. 

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