Thin films Langmuir-Blodgett

LB multilayer thin films can also be formed from nickel-tetra-tert-butyl-phthalocyanine, iron-tetra-tert-butylphthalocyanine, and mixtures of these phthalocyanines with PHT. The phthalocyanine molecules serve as both a surface active agent to promote spreading and an electroactive material [424,425]. 

Another LB multilayer thin film is produced from mixed monolayers containing PHT and 3-octadecanoylpyrrole [426,427]. PHT/arachidic acid and quinquithiophene/arachidic acid LB films are used in thin film field-effect transistors (cf. Sect. 6.6) [428]. Some excellent LB films contain sexithiophene and 9,10-diphenylanthracene with arachidic acid [383]. Molecular structure devices can be composed of LB films of PHT and poly(pyrrole) [429]. Another type of conducting LB film contains PT salts [431], polyion complexes of acid-functionalized PT, and sulfonated poly(aniline) [431] or polyfheptadecyl 3-thienylacetate) [365]. 

Biotinylated copolymers of 3-hexylthiophene/3-thienylmethanol and of 3-undecylthiophene/3-thienylmethanol form stable monolayers at the air-water 

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Rees, N. D. James, S. W. Tatam, R. P. Ashwell, G. J., Optical fiber long period gratings with Langmuir Blodgett thin film overlays, Opt. Lett. 2002, 27, 686 688... 

Chen, W. Kim, J. Xu. L-P. Sun, S. Chen, S. Langmuir-Blodgett Thin Films of Fe Ptso Nanoparticles for the Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Formic Acid. J. Phys. Chem. C2007, 111,13452-13459. 

The redox-switching of the linear optical absorption of self-assembled mono-layers and Langmuir-Schafer films of [Ru(NH3)5(4,4 -bipyridinium)] complexes [52-54] and a redox-switching of the NLO response of Langmuir-Blodgett thin films based on 5 were recently reported. Oxidation to Ru causes ca. 50% decrease of the intensity of the SHG, which is almost completely restored by reduction to Ru [55]. 

E. Punkka, M. F. Rubner, J. D. Hettinger, J. S. Brooks, S. T. Hannahs, Tunneling and hopping conduction in Langmuir-Blodgett thin films of poly(3-... 

Phenyl and diphenyl silane-modified ITO surfaces have been used to improve the physical compatibility with Langmuir-Blodgett thin films of phthalocya-nine assemblies, where the direct electron transfer of the assembly with the ITO surface was of concern [46]. 

Armitage, N.P., 2004. Quasi-Langmuir—Blodgett thin film deposition of carbon nanotubes. 

Figure 7 Principle of Langmuir-Blodgett thin film deposition. The upper part of figure show a polydiacetylene monomer (left) and polymer (right) bilayer P, pressure sensor MB, mobile barrier S, substrate (Kajzar and Messier (198 c)).

Fujihira, M. Nishiyama, K. Kurihara, M. Luminescent Langmuir-Blodgett thin films of long-chain carboxylic acids. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 03098674, 1991. 

Interest in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films is wide spread and formation of ordered thin organic films by transforming lipid monolayers from a water surface is well known [1]. The... 

The highly oriented molecules in thin organic films such as Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films and self-assembled monolayers (SAM) [1] are essential for some molecular functions. Non linear optical and opto-electronic properties are two of the most important and interesting functions of these molecular assemblies. In the past more than thirteen years, simulation of the primary process of photosynthesis using such molecular assemblies and its application to molecular photodiodes [2,3] have been one of the main subjects of our laboratory. 

Uniform thin films of CdS were prepared by template-assisted electrochemical deposition on Au electrodes covered with Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of cadmium arachidate [168]. It was found that different CdS films could be produced depending on the type of LB film used. 

The organic thin films used in lithography are polymer casting films, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films, SAMs and plasma-polymerized films. The molecular designs and syntheses of organic monolayer materials are studied for SPNL resists [89]. 

By improving the instruments, a further increasing number of investigations in polymer research will be realizable. This includes time resolved measurements down to the millisecond regime, as well as the examination of the structures of thin layers (e.g. Langmuir Blodgett type films), surfaces and boundaries between different phases. 

In some special cases, the two approaches can be combined with the normal Raman or resonance Raman spectroscopy to comprehensively study a film electrode. For example, a thin film of polymer, oxide, semiconductor, or Langmuir- Blodgett (LB) film is coated in different ways onto the SERS-active substrate, such as Fig. 18(a). The SERS spectrum recorded at this stage can provide the bottom layer structure of the film. The film can then be deposited as a thicker layer, which enables the Raman signal from the bulk phase to be sufficiently strong and detected by normal Raman... 

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