Langmuir-Blodgett films formation

Daniel M F, Lettington O C and Small M 1983 Investigation into the Langmuir-Blodgett film formation ability of amphiphiles with oyano head groups Thin Solid Films 99 61-9... 

A. Basic Features of Langmuir-Blodgett Film Formation and Study... 

Ray, K. and T. N. Mishra. 1997. Photophysical properties of lycopene organized in Langmuir-Blodgett films Formation of aggregates. J. Photochem. Photobiol A 107 201-205. 

Tian Y, Fendler JH (1997) Langmuir-Blodgett film formation from fluorescence-activated, surfactant-capped size selected CdS nanoparticles spread on water surfaces. Chem Mater 8 969-974... 

When some NC particles are surface treated to make them hydrophobic by, e.g., silylation and floated on the surface of water, a nanoparticle layer can be made on a solid substrate by a method similar to Langmuir-Blodgett film formation. Interparticle separation is well controlled by choosing an appropriate surface pressure prior to making LB film, as discussed next. 

Amino-5-nitropyrimidine, cocrystallization, 455 Amorphous polymers, criteria for use in second harmonic generation, 250-251 Amphiphilic molecules polar Z-type Langmuir-Blodgett films, formation, 473-479 structures, transfer behavior, and contact angles, 474,476-477r Anharmonic oscillator models, nonlinear optical effect-microstructure relationship, 361... 

Figure 8.10 Langmuir-Blodgett film formation on a solid support by transfer of a film at liquid-gas interface (a) to solid-gas (b) interface.

Scheme 51). Some of the ketones in question have proved to be important in Langmuir-Blodgett film formation (88MI8 91CSR355). 

We have shown that the synthesis and the Langmuir-Blodgett film formation of promising D-a-A molecules is now well under control. Simple tests of rectification having failed, we still hope to perform a realistic test of the asymmetric electrical conductivity through single D-a-A molecules by STM in the not too distant future. 

Zhang J, Burt DP, Whitworth AL, Mandler D, Unwin PR (2009) Polyaniline Langmuir-Blodgett films formation and properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys ll(18) 3490-3496. doi 10.1039/b819809h... 

Kobayashi N, Lam H, Nevin WA, Janda P, Leznoff CC, Koyama T et al (1994) Synthesis, spectroscopy, electrochemistry, spectroelectrochemistry, langmuir-blodgett-film formation, and molecular-orbital calculations of planar binuclear phthalocyanines. J Am Chem Soc 116 (3) 879-890... 

Zhang, J., BmL D. R, Whitworth, A. L., Mandler, D., Unwin, P. R. Polyaniline Langmuir-Blodgett films Formation and properties. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2W9,11, 3490. 

The area of colloids, surfactants, and fluid interfaces is large in scope. It encompasses all fluid-fluid and fluid-solid systems in which interfacial properties play a dominant role in determining the behavior of the overall system. Such systems are often characterized by large surface-to-volume ratios (e.g., thin films, sols, and foams) and by the formation of macroscopic assembhes of molecules (e.g., colloids, micelles, vesicles, and Langmuir-Blodgett films). The peculiar properties of the interfaces in such media give rise to these otherwise unlikely (and often inherently unstable) structures. 

Formation of Semiconductor Nanoparticles Inside Langmuir-Blodgett Films... 

In addition to the preparation of Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films, the use of self-assembly techniques also plays an important role in the formation of particle films. Both physisorption, as, for example, electrostatic adsorption of charged particles from colloidal solution, and chemisorption onto a substrate have been investigated. In Section V.A, electrostatic adsorption will be reviewed chemisorption is the subject of Section V.B. 

Ishizaki Y, Izumi M, Ohnuld H, Kalita-Lipinska K, Imakubo T, Kobayashi K (2001) Formation of two-dimensional weak localization in conducting Langmuir-Blodgett films. Phys RevB63 134201/l-5... 

Figure 3.3. Forms of isotherm which often appear, (a) This is a typical isotherm observed with an impure long-chain carboxylic acid. (b) Isotherms such as this usually correspond to substantial changes of the conformation of the material as the pressure,, is increased. Such materials usually do not lend themselves to the formation of Langmuir-Blodgett films, (c) This form of isotherm occurs when the material under study tends to form islands before compression.

Figure 4.1. Schematic diagram of the formation of a Langmuir-Blodgett film. Each amphiphilic molecule is represented by a circle with a tail, where the circle denotes the hydrophilic end of the molecule. The left hand diagram represents the deposition of a monolayer on a hydrophilic substrate moving upwards. The right hand diagram represents the deposition of a second layer during the downward movement of the substrate.

Circular surface micelles have also been observed for non-ionic block copolymers. Li et at. (1993) reported TEM and AFM of starfish micelles formed by PS-poly(n-butyl methacrylate), PS-poIy(rm-butyl methacrylate) and poly(fer<-butyl acrylate) diblock copolymers. Plateaus observed in surface/area isotherms of the Langmuir-Blodgett films at the air-water interface were consistent with the formation of surface micelles. 

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