Laminates and reinforcement

Laminated and Reinforced Metals" in ECT3rd ed., Vol. 13, pp. 941—967, by C. C. Chamis, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 

Membrane Fabrication, Lamination and Reinforcement. The thermoplastic copolymer of TFE and PVEX monomer can be extruded or molded into a thin film by conventional methods. Extrusion is most appropriate for continuous production of large membranes because it facilitates control of film thickness. Lamination can be performed with a roll press to obtain multilayer membrane. To improve their mechanical properties, membranes are generally reinforced with an inert material such as fabric made of PTFE (67, 68), fibriled PTFE (69), or wire netting (70). 

This paper will describe briefly the pultrusion process developed and built locally, its reliability or performance, the quality of prepreg combined with the controlling parameters and finally the preliminary results on its usage as laminates and reinforcement in thermoplastic composites. 

Thermoplastic resinous compositions that contain PEN have found wide uses because of their excellent thermal resistance and mechanical strength. Eor example, the materials can be used for electrical and electronic instruments or mechanical parts, as laminated and reinforced products. Fields of application are aerospace, electrical coatings, and in automotive components. 

Many different reinforcing fibers are used in laminates and reinforced polymers. Which fiber is selected depends upon the cost, the properties... 

The oligomer solution is then catalyzed by triethanol amine, metal octoates, or dibutyl tin diacetate and heated to increase the viscosity. At this point, it is cooled and can be stored until used. These silicone oligomers are used to make glass fabric laminates and reinforced molding powders. Phenyl silicon is compatible with epoxy, aUcyd, urea, melamine, and phenolic resins and may be blended with them to increase their resistance to heat, flame, water, and weather. 

Chamis, C.C. (1983) Laminated and reinforced metals, in Encyclopedia of Composite Materials and Components (ed. M. Grayson), John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, p. 613. 

See also advanced composites, composite laminates, and reinforced plastic. 

Rosin-bonded laminate See laminate and reinforced plastic. 

Table C.6 Typical properties of copper cold laminate. (Ref Sanyson, R.N., Laminate and Reinforced Plastic Materials and Processes, Handbook of Plastics, Elastomers, and Composites, 3rd ed., C.A. Harper (Ed.), McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996)... 

Many fibers are used in laminates and reinforced plastics. The type of fiber used will depend on the cost, the properties required, and the nature of the polymeric system. Although glass fiber is the most common reinforcement, many others are used. Fiber reinforcements can also come in many forms such as discontinuous fibers, continuous fibers, mat and fabric. Fiber content is the amount of fiber present in reinforced plastics and composites, usually expressed as a percentage volume fraction or weight fraction. 

Source Sampson, R. N., Laminates and Reinforced Plastics Materials and Processes ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1998. 

Rosin-Bonded Laminate See Laminate and Reinforced Plastic. 

Atactic polypropylene still finds use in paper laminates and reinforced tape, but these markets are considered mature. Some research work is currently underway to produce polypropylene copolymers which will exhibit unusual properties. New polyamide and polyester resins, as well as more complex polymers, as poly amide-poly ethers or poly ester-poly ethers, are also under development. 

Epoxy resins, such as polyesters, are used in the manufacture of laminates and reinforced structures. They are used as lacquers in a wide variety of food cans. 

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