Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

Paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome Neuromyotonia (Isaacs syndrome)... 

Pinto, A., Iwasa, K., Newland, C., Newsom-Davis, J. and Lang, B. The action of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome immunoglobulin G on cloned human voltage-gated calcium channels. Muscle Nerve 25 715-724, 2002. 

Lang, B. and Newsom-Davis, J. Immunopathology of the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Springer Semin. Immunopathol. 17 3-15,1995. 

LEMS Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome NAADP nicotinic acid-adenine dinucleotide phosphate... 

The aminopyridines (4-aminopyridine 3,4-diaminopyri-dine) accelerate spontaneous exocytosis at central and peripheral synapses. There is also an increase in the number of transmitter quanta released by a nerve action potential. This is probably the result of increased Ca++ inflow at the terminals due to a reduction of K+ conductance and prolongation of the nerve action potential. Muscle strength is increased in patients with the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome and in others poisoned with botuUnum E toxin (discussed later). Improvement in uncontrolled spasms, muscle tone, and pulmonary function is noted in patients with multiple sclerosis or long-standing spinal cord damage. Side effects that limit clinical utility include convulsions, restlessness, insomnia, and elevated blood pressure. Of the two agents, 3,4-diaminopyridine is the more potent and crosses the blood-brain barrier less readily. 

Grassi C, Magnelli V, Carabelli V, Sher E, Carbone E (1994) Inhibition of low- and high-threshold Ca2+ channels of human neuroblastoma IMR32 cells by Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) IgGs. Neurosci Lett 181 50-56. 

O Neill JH, Murray NM, Newsom-Davis J (1988) The Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. A review of 50 cases. Brain 111 ( Pt 3) 577-596. 

The term classical PNS is reserved for the PNS in which the association with cancer is common and includes encephalomyelitis, limbic encephalitis, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, and paraneoplastic opsoclonus myoclonus (OM), as well as sensory neuronopathy (SN), chronic gastrointestinal pseudo-obstruction, Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), and dermatomyositis [14]. This chapter does not include dermatomyositis. 

Mason WP, Graus F, Lang B, Honnorat J, Delattre JY, Valldeoriola F, et al. Small-cell lung cancer, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Brain 1997 120(Pt. 8) 1279-1300. 

Nagashima T, Mizutani Y, Kawahara H, Maguchi S, Terayama Y, Shinohara T, et al. Anti-Hu paraneoplastic syndrome presenting with brainstem-cerebellar symptoms and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Neuropathology 2003 23(3) 230-238. 

O Suilleabhain P, Low PA, Lennon VA. Autonomic dysfunction in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome Serologic and clinical correlates. Neurology 1998 50(1)88-93. 

Wirtz PW, Willcox N, Roep BO, Lang B, Wintzen AR, Newsom-Davis J, et al. HLA-B8 in patients with the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome reduces likelihood of associated small cell lung carcinoma. Ann NY Acad Sci 2003 998 200-201. 

Wirtz PW, Willcox N, van der Slik AR, Lang B, Maddison P, Koeleman BP, et al. HLA and smoking in prediction and prognosis of small cell lung cancer in autoimmune Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. J Neuroimmunol 2005 159(l-2) 230-237. 

Fukuda T, Motomura M, Nakao Y, Shiraishi H, Yoshimura T, Iwanaga K, et al. Reduction of P/Q-type calcium channels in the postmortem cerebellum of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Ann Neurol 2003 53(1) 21-28. 

Newsom-Davis J. Therapy in myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Semin Neurol 2003 23(2) 191-198. 

Sanders DB. Lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome Diagnosis and treatment. Ann NY Acad Sci 2003 998 500-508. 

Neuromuscular disease is a very broad term that encompasses many diseases and ailments which either directly, via intrinsic muscle pathology, or indirectly, via nerve pathology, impair the functioning of the muscles. Diseases of the motor end plate include myasthenia gravis and its related condition Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Tetanus and botulism are bacterial infections in which bacterial toxins cause increased or decreased muscle tone, respectively. 

Ueno S, Hara Y. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome without anti-calcium channel antibody adverse effect of calcium antagonist diltiazem. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1992 55(5) 409-10. 

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). Paraneoplastic neurological disorder associated with small-cell lung cancer and caused by autoantibodies against voltage-gated calcium channels. 

Muscle diseases, autoimmune. Autoimmune diseases associated with profound weakness due to immunological injury of the myofibre ( - myositis, autoimmune) or affecting the neuromuscular junction ( - myasthenia gravis, acquired, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome). 

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome Malnutrition in peritoneal dialysis... 

Stimulate appetite in AIDS Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome and Charcot-Marie tooth disease Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (sleeping sickness) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS organ transplant recipients Corneal epithelial regeneration and healing Anemia associated with end-stage renal disease Anemia associated with end-stage renal disease Primary pulmonary hypertension Acute lymphocytic leukemia... 

Xu YF, Hewett SJ, Atchison WD. Passive transfer of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome induces dihydropyridine sensitivity of ICa in mouse motor nerve terminals. J Neurophysiol 1998 80(3) 1056-69. 

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