Lack of secretion

Pernicious anemia Anemia resulting from lack of secretions by the gastric mucosa of the intrinsic fador essential to the formation of RBCS and the absorption of vitamin B ... 

An inadequate snpply of bile contributes to vitamin A deficiency because of disturbances of the intestinal track which prevent the effective absorption of the vitamin. In an average adult, from one-half to one liter of bile is secreted every 24 hours, the quantity depending upon the amount and kind of food eaten. The absence or lack of secretion of bile is known as acholia. 

Largely anecdotal examples and logical comparisons with other expression systems imply that a negative selection for a subpopulation may occur during the amplification steps. This may be due to poor translation or transcription, toxicity of the protein presented, lack of secretion (e.g. a run of more than eight consecutive hydrophobic amino... 

Cretinism—arrested physical and mental development resulting from lack of secretions from thyroid... 

Keratinisation of Epithelial Tissue.—The most characteristic sign of avitaminosis A is the change seen in the skin, mucous membranes and conjunctiva. Dryness of the skin is followed by a papular eruption due to lack of secretion by the sebaceous glancb of the hair follicles. This state of phrynodenm, or toad skin, has been recognised in Africa and in Asia as an early form of vitamin A deficiency in human subjects. 

The female of mammalian species secretes a series of steroid hormones characterized by an aromatic A ring and the lack of a side chain at the 17 position. These compounds serve as regulators in the reproductive processes of the species. The name (estrogens) comes from the fact that in some lower animals the elaboration of this type of compound is directly involved with the phe-... 

Diabetes mellitus is defined as hyperglycaemia (fasting > 7 mM and/or 2 h postprandial >11.1 mM) due to absolute or relative lack of insulin. The most common forms are type 1 diabetes (prevalence 0.25%), with absolute lack of insulin, and type 2 diabetes (prevalence 4-6%) which is due to the combination of insulin resistance and insufficient insulin secretion. 

Ulcer formation is the net result of a lack of homeostasis between factors within the gastrointestinal tract responsible for the breakdown of food (e.g., gastric acid and pepsin) and factors that promote epithelial defense and repair (e.g., bicarbonate, mucus secretion, and prostaglandins). 

Bronchoscopy may be performed to improve the ability to diagnose pneumonia. Tracheal secretions often are better specimens than sputum owing to the lack of oral contamination. 

Cholelithiasis can develop as a result of decreased gallbladder contractility, especially in the absence of enteral or oral intake. Lack of intestinal stimulation reduces secretion of cholecys-tokinin, a peptide hormone secreted in the duodenum that induces gallbladder contractility. The best prevention of cholelithiasis is early initiation of enteral or oral feeding, as stated earlier (to stimulate secretion of cholecystokinin, gallbladder contraction and emptying, and intestinal motility). 

Information on which parasite products might regulate infected muscle cell characteristics is unresolved. Parasite proteins will be the focus of this discussion. This focus results in part from general lack of information on other secreted products/metabolic wastes and their potential influences on the host cell. In addition, arguments for cell-permeable parasite products are less compelling, and no clear evidence exists for a bystander effect in which bona fide infected cell characteristics become established in neighbouring, uninfected host muscle cells. 

By the end of the small intestine, deposition is almost complete and there is no need for intestinal secretions to aid assimilation. The principal role of the colon is to resorb water and reclaim sodium, which it does very efficiently. In fact, for every 2 L of water entering the colon, the residual water in the stools will be <200 mL. The environment becomes problematic for delivery past the hepatic flexure as the lack of water will restrict dispersion and dissolution. The flow of chyme from the ileum to the colon in healthy human beings is 1-2 L h 1. 

Diabetes results from a lack of insulin secretion by the pancreas. Without insulin, cells take up glucose very slowly. The lack of insulin results in an inability to use blood glucose for fuel. Consequently, the body behaves as if it were starving even though food is available. The metabolic responses of the untreated insulin-dependent diabetic are essentially the metabolic responses of starvation. 

TSH-secreting pituitary adenomas are diagnosed by demonstrating lack of TSH response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation, inappropriate TSH levels, elevated TSH a-subunit levels, and radiologic imaging. 

---