Lack of comparability

The rate of synthesis is similar for trace amines and monoamine neurotransmitters, however, trace amines undergo a more rapid turnover due to their higher affinity to MAO and the lack of comparable cellular storage. Thus, the tissue concentration of trace amines in the vertebrate central nervous system is estimated to be in the range of 1-100 nM, depending on the trace amine and brain area, in contrast to micromolar concentrations of classic monoamine neurotransmitters. 

The variety of breeding patterns displayed by the American and Australian metatheria and the lack of comparative experimentation hampers general conclusions on any fundamental division from eutherian mammals. 

A variety of cell culture systems for the modelling of the tracheo-bronchial epithelium are available. These include primary cultures and cell lines of human and animal origins, plus airway cells with characteristics of lung disease such as CF. The advantages and limitations of using a simple culture system compared to one that recreates to a greater extent the epithelial structure and function in vitro should be considered according to the pre-clinical application required. However, this choice is complicated by the lack of comparative data, both between the different cell systems and for in vitro-in vivo correlation, upon which to base such decisions. 

In spite of the lack of comparative trials, nonprescription bismuth compounds are widely used by patients for the nonspecific treatment of dyspepsia and acute diarrhea. Bismuth subsalicylate also is used for the prevention of traveler s diarrhea (30 ml or 2 tablets four times daily). 

In general, the polymers with polyconjugated systems of double and triple bonds are photoeonductive in the UV and at least part of the visible range. In some cases the photoresponse extends to the near infrared range. Although their usefulness in practical applications has been many times suggested, the results have been more or less disappointing. The main problems still remain difficult synthesis, in most cases poorly identified structure, and with few exceptions insolubility and intractability of the polymers. The direct comparison with poly(N-vinyl carbazole) and other photoeonductive polymers is not possible for lack of comparative data. 

The authors commented that induction with prostaglandins in women with a previous lower segment cesarean scar is associated with a risk of symptomatic scar rupture no greater than 0.6%, and the vaginal delivery rate is about 75%, that is similar to rates quoted for spontaneous labor in women with a cesarean scar. At present, faced with the lack of comparative evidence, clinicians can only... 

Gel permeation chromatography indicates a polymodal polydispersity with a broad molecular weight distribution. Currently it is not possible to specify the definite values of the average molecular weights due to a lack of comparable standards. 

The main reasons for the current lack of comparability at working level include an insufficient awareness of uncertainty and source of error, a lack of high quality reference materials and no recognized system for intercomparison of traceable clinical chemistry measurements. In addition, the limit results were obtained in the absence of a reliable uncertainty budget and insufficient QA procedures. In fact, in the national area the introduction of adequate QA procedures is making its first steps. 

The main disadvantage of immunoassays is that they measure total cytokine, which contains both functional and nonfunctional levels. Cross-reactivity with the precursors or degradation products of the cytokine is frequently observed. The detection limit (about 1 to lOpg/mL) of immunoassays is higher than bioassays. A 1995 study reported a lack of comparability between the different kits for IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFa. The major advantages of immunoassays are their excellent analytical performance and their ability to be automated. 

In showing the sales or production for the plastics industry as a whole over a period of years, obviously total plastics will reflect any comparability or lack of comparability... 

Lack of comparability is the biggest single issue which needs to be addressed. 

This provides the background to this relatively new concept. The key issues are identified, but it was evident at a very early stage that a major issue is the lack of comparability between reports, which provides support for the urgent need to establish worldwide standards. After charting the relevant environmental events, the report identifies the main drivers, in particular legislation and pressure groups. It also draws upon the published literature, including a number of previous surveys carried out on CERs from across the whole of industry. 

The issue of lack of comparability has come up in most of the CER surveys to date. Even in the chemicals sector where environmental reporting is most advanced, comparability is judged to be low, even allowing for the fact that some companies are actively trying to look different. In fact, in the opinion of the authors it really emerges as the major issue to be tackled if environmental reporting is to become established as... 

All this has resulted in an assorted array of guidelines, standards and indicators in use, leading to a severe lack of comparability even within sectors. Despite this, current reviews of environmental reporting practice would suggest that the overall quality of reporting is improving. 

Lack of comparability is one of the main issues that needs to be addressed, and it is apparent from the first visual impressions of the CERs. Also, the titles themselves of CERs are wide-ranging ... 

A fundamentally good point about the CERES approach is the additional involvement of the financial community. Through this action, linkages between environmental performance and shareholder value are sought. It is hoped this initiative will go a long way towards alleviating the major issue of lack of comparability, identified earlier. 

All of the three lipid formulations of amphotericin B available in North America and Western Europe, in controlled trials, have demonstrated significantly lower nephrotoxicity than amphotericin B [145]. Differences in biochemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties among the lipid products have been documented (Table 2). The clinical significance, however, of pharmacokinetic differences between the liposomal preparations is unknown because of the lack of comparative trials. 

Expensive properties tend to experience proportionally greater declines in value in a deteriorating market than homes with an average market price. This greater volatility is due to the limited number of potential purchasers for these properties, causing a lack of liquidity in this market, and less precise pricing information due to the lack of comparable benchmark homes. Very low value properties also tend to realise lower recoveries than average. 

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