Isobutyl vinyl ether copolymer

Poly(isobutylene-Woc/c- -caprolactone) copolymer Poly(isobutylene-Woc/c-styrene) copolymer Poly(isobutylene-Woc/c-isobutyl vinyl ether) copolymer Poly(isobutylene-Woc/c-a-methylstyrene) copolymer Poly(isobutylene-block-methyl vinyl ether) copolymer Poly(isobutylene-b/oc/c-methyl methacrylate) copolymer... 

VEs can also copolymerize by free-radical initiation with a variety of comonomers. According to the and rvalues of 0.023 and —1.77 (isobutyl vinyl ether), VEs are expected to form ideal copolymers with monomers of similar and e values or alternating copolymers with monomers such as maleic anhydride (MAN) that have high values of opposite sign (Q = 0.23 e = 2.25). 

A variety of trichloroethylene copolymers have been reported, none with apparent commercial significance. The alternating copolymer with vinyl acetate has been patented as an adhesive (11) and as a flame retardant (12,13). Copolymerization with 1,3-butadiene and its homologues has been reported (14—16). Other comonomers include acrylonitrile (17), isobutyl vinyl ether (18), maleic anhydride (19), and styrene (20). 

Table 3.7 summarizes the molecular characteristics of the Block copolymers shown in Fig. 3.28. The homopolymer is poly(isobutyl vinyl ether) (PIBVE). PI and P2 are the block copolymers of isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE) and a vinyl ether with a protected glucose residue (3-0-(vinyloxy) ethyl-1,2 5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-glucofuranose). 

Thus, by lowering solvent polarity (CH2Cl2/CCl4 mixtures) or by the addition of a common ion salt (rtBtuNI), these researchers obtained poly(pMOS) of unimodal and relatively narrow MWDs, whose shape and position corresponded to those of the lower polymer population in the two-peaked distribution. Under these conditions the number-average molecular weights increase with conversion. Upon sequential addition of fresh monomer feeds, and block copolymers of pMOS and isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE) are obtained [52], Similar results were also obtained for the polymerization of IBVE [53,54]. 

A large variety of AB- and ABA-type block copolymers have been prepared from vinyl ethers via sequential living cationic polymerizations. For example, as shown in Scheme 2 (A), isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE) is first polymerized with the HI/ZnI2 or HCl/ZnCl2 initiating system, and from the resulting living polymer, the second monomer, 2-acetoxyethyl vinyl... 

Three arm amphiphilic star-block copolymers of isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE) and 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ethers were also prepared by Higashimura et al. [23]. The synthetic strategy involved the sequential living cationic polymerization of IBVE and 2-acetoxyethyl vinyl ether, initiated by the trifunctional initiator system composed of tris(trifluoroacetate) and ethylaluminum dichloride, with excess of 1,4-dioxane as a carbocation-stabilizing Lewis base (Scheme 8). 

Copolymers with isobutyl vinyl ether were developed by BASF. These copolymers are soluble in toluene and xylene, compatible with nitrocellulose and other resins, and find use in coatings applications. They provide strong films with good adhesion to metal and possess excellent light stability and weathering properties. 

The copolymerization behavior of VC A has been the subject of several investigations including some in industry (12-20). Comonomers of different types have been used for copolymerization experiments however, with the exception of N-vinylpyrrolidone (14) and isobutyl vinyl ether (20), VCA was incorporated into the copolymer only slightly. 

Vinyl Chloride Copolymers. Vinyl chloride copolymers can be used in a wide variety of paint technology applications. The solubility of vinyl chloride copolymers is considerably higher than that of the PVC homopolymer. Important examples are copolymers without additional functional groups formed with vinyl acetate, dibutyl maleate, or isobutyl vinyl ether terpolymers with carboxyl groups formed with dibutyl maleate or vinyl acetate and a dicarboxylic acid and copolymers and terpolymers with hydroxyl groups formed with hydroxyacrylates or with vinyl acetate and vinyl alcohol. 

The composition of vinyl chloride copolymers without functional groups influences their solubility behavior and compatibility with other paint binders. For example, copolymers with isobutyl vinyl ether or maleate esters dissolve in aromatic hydrocarbons, whereas copolymers with vinyl acetate merely swell in these solvents. Paint films formed from vinyl chloride copolymers without functional groups are heat sealable on account of their thermoplastic character. Since the films adhere poorly to nonabsorbing substrates such as metals, they are suitable as binders for strippable coatings. On account of their good chemical resistance, vinyl chloride copolymers are also extremely suitable as binders for exterior-use paints, traffic paints, and paper and foil lacquers their lack of taste and odor means that they can be used as pasteurization-resistant coatings for can interiors. 

Polyisobutylene. See Polyisobutene Poly (isobutylene-co-isoprene). See Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer Poly (isobutyl vinyl ether-vinyl chloride) Synonyms Poly (vinyl chloride-isobutyl vinyl ether)... 

Ethylcellulose Meroxapol 105 Meroxapol 171 Meroxapol 172 Meroxapol 174 Meroxapol 252 Meroxapol 254 Meroxapol 258 Meroxapol 311 PEG-5M PEG-9M PEG-23M PEG-45M Poly (isobutyl vinyl ether-vinyl chloride) Polyvinyl acetate Polyvinyl methyl ether PPG-6 methacrylate Styrene/acrylates copolymer Vinyl acrylic copolymer... 

Poly (isobutyl vinyl ether-vinyl chloride) Styrene/butadiene polymer Vinyl acrylic copolymer... 

VE2 Verdonck, B., Goethals, E.J., and DuPrez, F.E., Block copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and isobutyl vinyl ether with thermo-adjustable amphiphilic properties,... 

Early studies on initiation of cationic polymerizations of styrene, isobutyl vinyl ether, and N-vinylcarbazole were carried out by dissolving AgQ04 in pure monomers or in nitrobenzene. Electric current was then passed through them at room temperature [81, 82]. Rubbery polymers formed as well as some copolymers, suggesting a cationic path of the polymerization. A mechanism was... 

Polysilanes are connected with carbon polymers to form A-B and A-B-A type block pol5uners. Reaction of Li-terminated polyst5Tene with cyclotetrasilanes (73) or halogen-terminated polysilanes (74), photolysis of polysilanes in carbon monomers (methacrylic monomers) (75), or reaction of halogen-ended polysilanes with poly(ethylene glycol) affords A-B and/or A-B-A type Block Copolymers (qv) (76) (Fig. 8). Comb-like Graft Copolymers (qv) have also been prepared by reaction of triflate-substituted poly(methylphenylsilane) with THF, 2-methyl-2-oxazoline, or isobutyl vinyl ether (77). 

Coca, S., and Matyjaszewski, K. (1996). Alternating copolymers of methyl acrylate with isobutene and isobutyl vinyl ether using ATRP. Book of Abstracts, 211th ACS National Meeting, New Orleans, LA, March 24-28, p. OLY-087. 

Higashimura, T, Mitsuhashi, M. and Sawamoto, M. (1979) Synthesis of p-methoxystyrene-isobutyl vinyl ether block copolymers by living cationic polymerization with iodine. Macromolecules, 12, 178-183. 

A Ziegler catalyst system composed of diethylaluminum chloride and titanium chloride in toluene at 0 C has also been claimed useful for preparing vinyl ether-MA copolymers. In typical experiments, the reactions were terminated after 3 h by adding methyl alcohol, and the product was purified by precipitation with excess alcohol. The yields vary with proportion of comonomers, 98% for a 7 1 mole fraction of isobutyl vinyl ether-MA, 92% for a 2-4 1 mole fraction, but only 44% for a 1 1.2 mole fraction. Similar... 

Baldwin studied the kinetics of the copolymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether and MA in ethyl acetate at 60°C. Ethyl acetate was used because it is a good solvent for both monomers, copolymer, and initiators. The maximum rate was observed at a vinyl isobutyl ether-MA mole ratio of 4 1 and very low rates were obtained in the presence of large excesses of anhydride. For a 5.5 1 mole ratio, the rate was linear until the anhydride was consumed and zero order with respect to the vinyl ether. All copolymers were equimolar in composition. From light-scattering studies on a series of copolymers in tetrahy-... 

Copolymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether with MA in /-menthol, at 60°C with AIBN initiator, produces optically active, equimolar copolymer/ This procedure, known as asymmetric induction polymerization, produced a copolymer with [a] o ranging from -0.13 to -0.24. 

The maximum in the polymerization rate curves for isobutyl vinyl ether,2-phenylvinyl alkyl ethers, 1-octene, norbornene/ " vinyl acetate,butene isomers,and cyclopentene copolymerizations with MA are located somewhat outside the 1 1 feed ratios. Even though 1 1 copolymer is obtained, the maximum rate of styrene-MA copolymerization is normally not at 1 1 feed equivalency. However, Tsuchida and Tomono show that addition of naphthalene causes the rate maximum point to shift... 

The morphology of methyl, ethyl, cetyl, decyl, and isobutyl copolymers hydrophilic-hydrophobic sequence has been studied and compared in THF and dimethylsulfoxide solvents, using viscosity and light-scattering techniques.The macromolecular chains have a segregated conformation, which allows the solvent to solvate compatible segments of the copolymer. The unperturbed molecular dimension of the isobutyl vinyl ether-MA copolymer are smaller than that for poly (isobutyl vinyl ether), as shown by the Stockmayer-Fixman equation. 

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