Respiratory irritant

Physiological action Irritates respiratory tract injures lungs and eyes causes systemic poisoning... 

Symptoms of exposure Vapors may irritate respiratory tract (Patnaik, 1992). 

Toxicology. Wood dust exposure may cause eye and skin irritation, respiratory effects, and hardwood nasal cancer. Irritation of the skin and eyes resulting ftom contact with wood dust is relatively common and may result ftom mechanical action (e.g., irritation caused by bristles and splinters), chemical irritation, sensitization, or a combination of these factors. ... 

The use of chlorinated phenols in the saw mill industry is known to cause occupational health problems. In an investigation carried out in Sweden it was noted that the workers in the trimming-grading plant, where sawn timber is handled after chlorophenol treatment, often complain of cutanious irritations, respiratory difficulties and headache (5 , 53I. 

DC. Diphenylcyanoarsine(Ger Clark II), (C6Hs)2AsCN solid dispersed by heat it produces an aerosol, irritating respiratory passages and causing naus.ea and headache. 

Potassium carbonate 3.45 g, 25 mmol may seriously irritate respiratory... 

Vapor irritates respiratory system and eyes. Liquid irritates eyes and skin. Both may cause conjunctivitis. Swallowing would cause internal damage. Avoid breathing vapor. Avoid contact with skin and eyes.2... 

Dust irritates respiratory system. Irritating to skin and mucous membranes. Avoid breathing dust. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.2... 

Toxicity Acute, prolonged exposure in workplaces has caused a variety of health disorders in workers (e.g., erythema, edema, skin peeling, loss of appetite, muscle weakness, paresthesia, CNS depression, peripheral nerve disorders, skin and respiratory irritation, chemical pneumonia in children).7 In addition, rubber solvents, varnish, thinners, and petroleum spirits cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, and hematologic effects in workers all demand proper handling and chemical safety. 

Mildly toxic. Can irritate respiratory tract. Narcotic in high concentration. 

Guinea pig 8 Inhalation 50,90 3 wk No evidence of distress, ocular irritation, respiratory diseases, no effects on NOAEL 50 Targowski et al. 1984... 

Rat Inhalation 1,800-4,500 60 min Eye and mucous membrane irritation, respiratory distress, comeal opacity, erythema of exposed skdn. Wohblagel et al. 1976... 

Ketones Acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl n-butyl Irritant, respiratory ... 

Acetone is considered moderately toxic, and is a skin irritant and severe eye irritant. Skin irritation has been reported due to its defatting action, and prolonged inhalation may result in headaches. Inhalation of acetone can produce systemic effects such as conjunctival irritation, respiratory system effects, nausea, and vomiting. ... 

The lowest published single toxic dose is 20 ppm via inhalation. The kidneys and respiratory tract are the target organs after acute epichlorohydrin exposure. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distress. It can also cause facial swelling, eye and nasal mucosal irritation, respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, dyspnea, central nervous system depression, hepatomegaly, and kidney lesions. 

This section is devoted to chemical mixtures that are respiratory irritants. Irritants do not induce immunochemical responses, and irritation in non-sensitized individuals generally leads to slower, less serious respiratory responses and usually requires higher doses of toxicants to produce symptoms than in sensitized people. Irritant-induced inflammation responses (e.g., bronchial hyperactivity) can be severe and prolonged but, by definition, do not result in sensitization of those so exposed. Mixtures of lipo-philes and hydrophiles induce irritant respiratory system responses at concentration levels that are below those for the single chemicals. This phenomenon is well demonstrated by exposures in sick buildings. ... 

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