Iron sulfamate

Acid cleaners based on sulfamic acid are used in a large variety of appHcations, eg, air-conditioning systems marine equipment, including salt water stills wells (water, oil, and gas) household equipment, eg, copper-ware, steam irons, humidifiers, dishwashers, toilet bowls, and brick and other masonry tartar removal of false teeth (50) dairy equipment, eg, pasteurizers, evaporators, preheaters, and storage tanks industrial boilers, condensers, heat exchangers, and preheaters food-processing equipment brewery equipment (see Beer) sugar evaporators and paper-mill equipment (see also Evaporation Metal surface treati nts Pulp). 

Sulfamic acid (HOS02NH2). Clean at only 120 °F (49 °C) for cast iron and up to 140 °F for marstenitic SS (60 °C). It is not suitable for galvanizing or aluminum over 150 °F, but it is suitable for copper, brass, and SS. Sulfamic acid tends to be used only in small systems because of its relatively high cost. It is a ciystalline solid and so is easily transported. Additionally, in the diy form it is relatively safe and has a negligible effect on skin. Typically, it is used at 10% strength, and when 5% sodium chloride is added, it is reasonably successful at dissolving ferric oxide. 

With the iron complex [Fe(Cl3terpy)2]( 104)2 (Clsterpy = 4,4, 4"-trichloro-2,2 6, 2"-terpyridine) as catalyst, sulfamate esters react with Phl(OAc)2 to generate iminoiodanes in situ which subsequently undergo intramolecular nitrenoid C-H insertion to give amidation products in good yields (Scheme 30) [48]. 

The composition of the codeposition bath is defined not only by the concentration and type of electrolyte used for depositing the matrix metal, but also by the particle loading in suspension, the pH, the temperature, and the additives used. A variety of electrolytes have been used for the electrocodeposition process including simple metal sulfate or acidic metal sulfate baths to form a metal matrix of copper, iron, nickel, cobalt, or chromium, or their alloys. Deposition of a nickel matrix has also been conducted using a Watts bath which consists of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride and boric acid, and electrolyte baths based on nickel fluoborate or nickel sulfamate. Although many of the bath chemistries used provide high current efficiency, the effect of hydrogen evolution on electrocodeposition is not discussed in the literature. 

Iron(III) chloride Unknown s Sulfamic acid Solution s... 

Fertilizer - [AMMONIUMCOMPOUNDS] (Vol2) -ammoniumsulfate [AMMONIUMCOMPOUNDS] (Vol2) -castor pomace as [CASTOR OIL] (Vol 5) -iron compounds m [IRON COMPOUNDS] (Vol 14) -from lignite and brown coal [LIGNITE AND BROWN COAL] (Vol 15) -lime fillers [LIME AND LIMESTONE] (Vol 15) -magnesiumnitrate [MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS] (Vol 15) -molybdenum compounds as [MOLYBDENUMAND COMPOUNDS] (Vol 16) -phosphorus precipitator dust as [PHOSPHORUS] (Vol 18) -raw material for [SULFAMIC ACID AND SULF AMATES] (Vol 23) -sodium nitrate as [SODIUM COMPOUNDS - SODIUM NITRATE] (Vol 22) -vanadium as by-product [VANADIUM AND VANADIUM ALLOYS] (Vol 24)... 

Flame retardants - [TEXTILES-FINISHING] (Vol 23) - [ALUMENUMCOMPOUNDS - INTRODUCTION] (Vol2) -antimony as [ANTIMONY AND ANTIMONY ALLOYS] (Vol 3) -antimony compds as [ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS] (Vol 3) -antimony compds as [ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS] (Vol 3) -based on ammonium sulfamate [SULFAMIC ACID AND SULFAMATES] (Vol 23) -bromine in [BROMINE] (Vol 4) -in electronic applications [PACKAGING - ELECTRONIC MATERIALS] (Vol 17) -iron fluoride in mfg of [FLUORINE COMPOUNDS, INORGANIC - IRON] (Vol 11) -nickel compounds as [NICKEL COMPOUNDS] (Vol 17) -phosphorus for [PHOSPHORUS] (Vol 18) -polycarbonates in [POLYCARBONATES] (Vol 19) -from propylene oxide [PROPYLENE OXIDE] (Vol 20) -for rubbers [RUBBERCHEMICALS] (Vol 21) -use m electrical connectors [ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS] (Vol 9)... 

In order to separate the uranium and plutonium the Pu022+ was reduced to Pu3+, which was not extracted by MIBK and was thus held in the aqueous phase. The choice of a reducing agent for plutonium is rather important, and is discussed in more detail below in relation to the Purex process. In the Redox process, 0.05 M aqueous iron(II) sulfamate salted with 1.3MA1(N03)3 was used, the reduction of Pu022+ by Fe2"1" proceeding according to equation (156). The products... 

To 1 g sample, add 100 mL of 10% caustic soda solution and stir for 12 h. (This treatment is required only if iron cyanides are suspected to be present in the sample.) After this, adjust the pH to less than 8.0 with 1 1 H2S04. Add about 0.2 g sulfamic acid to avoid nitrate/nitrite interference. This is followed by addition of 25 mg lead carbonate (to prevent interference from sulfur compounds). The mixture is distilled and collected over NaOH solution. This distillate is analyzed for CN by colorimetric, titrimetric, or ion-selective electrode method. 

Low-pH cleaners are typically used to address calcium carbonate scale and iron oxide deposition. These cleaners are usually formulated using only acid, such as acetic, hydrochloric, or sulfamic. Figure 13.5 shows the effects of temperature and pH on the removal of calcium carbonate from a membrane.7 As the figure shows, lower pH, and higher temperatures are more effective at restoring permeate flow than higher pH and lower temperatures. 

The mixture of uranium and plutonium is treated with a suitable reducing agent [iron(ii) sulfamate, hydrazine, or hydroxylamine nitrate] under these conditions, is not reduced and stays in the kerosene layer, but Pu is reduced to Pu +, which is only weakly complexed by TBP and so migrates into the aqueous phase. 

Ammonium salts were also used for weed control. These salts, ammonium thiocyanate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, along with ammonium sulfamate were used as foliar sprays. The modes of action of these ammonium salts along with the use of other salts such as iron sulfate and copper sulfate cause desiccation and plasmolysis. 

The kerosene fraction is now subjected to a second solvent extraction. Addition of iron(II) sulfamate, Fe(NH2S03)2, and shaking of the kerosene fraction with water, results in the formation of plutonium(III) nitrate which is partitioned into the aqueous layer. [U02][N03]2 resists reduction, is com-plexed by TBP and remains in the organic layer. Separation of the two solvent fractions thus separates the uranium and plutonium salts repeated extractions result in a highly efficient separation. The extraction of [U02][N03]2 from kerosene back into an aqueous phase can be achieved by adding nitric acid under these conditions, the uranium-TBP complex dissociates and [U02][N03]2 returns to the aqueous layer. 

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