Intestinal worms,

Other. Dibutyltin dilaurate [77-58-7] has been successfully used for many years as a coccidiostat in the treatment of intestinal worm infections in chickens and turkeys (see Antiparasitic agents). 

Worms - There are three types of worms found in water. For the most part, they dwell in the bed of the material at the bottom of lakes and streams. There they do important work as scavengers. The rotifiers are the only organisms in this category at or near the surfaee. They live primarily in stagnant fresh water. The eggs and larvae of various intestinal worms found in man and warm-blooded animals pollute the water at times. They do not generally cause widespread infection for several reasons. They are relatively few in number and are so large they can be filtered out of water with comparative ease. 

The quaternary ammonium salt 73, thenium closylate, is an anthelmintic agent. Many substances of this general type are effective by interfering with nervous conduction, and thereby muscle tone, of intestinal worms. This allows their expulsion, not... 

In China, the plant is used to counteract skin putrefaction, heal boils, treat catarrh, dispel humors, and stop dysentry. In Korea, the plant is used to treat anuria and expel intestinal worms. In Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam, the plant is used to treat colic, cholera, and dysentery. 

Korenaga, M., Hitoshi, Y., Takatsu, K. and Tada, I. (1994) Regulatory effect of anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody on intestinal worm burden in a primary infection with Strongyloides venezuelensis. Journal of Parasitology 24, 951-957. 

Albendazole selectively blocks glucose uptake and depletes glycogen stores. ATP formation is thus inhibited. It should be administered on an empty stomach for intraluminal parasites and with a fatty meal for tissue parasites. It is metabolized to an active sulfoxide metabolite resulting in very low Albendazole blood levels. Albendazole sulfoxide is excreted in the urine with an elimination half-life of about 8 h. Used for 1-3 days in doses recommended for intestinal worms the incidence of adverse effects is similar in treatment and control groups. Hepato-toxicity may occur, especially after the higher doses that are needed for hydatid disease. Also alopecia has been reported. 

N.A. Vitamin C.99 Treat poison ivy symptoms, vitamin C deficiency, diabetes, expel intestinal worms. 

N.A. Meliacins, triterpenoid bitters, tannins, flavonoids.100 For hemorrhoids, malaria, peptic ulcers, intestinal worms. Antifungal, antiviral, antiinflammatory, antibacterial. 

N.A. Hydnocarpus kurzii (King) Warb. No information is available in the literature. This herb may cause vomiting, dizziness and breathing difficulties.345 For leprosy, scabies, eczema, psoriasis, scrofula, ringworm, and intestinal worms.345... 

We may snicker at these delicacies and the health claims that go with them, but the fact is that food was probably humankind s first medicine. After all, when our primitive ancestors felt sick, what else could they do but manipulate their diets In some cases they hit upon remedies that worked. The Egyptians prescribed extract of pomegranate for intestinal worms and roasted liver of ox for night blindness. Pomegranates actually contain a vermifuge, and the high vitamin A content of liver could have countered visual problems caused by a deficiency of the vitamin. 

Infestations with parasitic worms and flukes are widespread both in humans and in animals, and their treatment requires drugs that act in a different manner from antibacterial and antiprotozoal agents. It is desirable for worms to be expelled from the body intact since the presence of dead worms in the tissues can provoke severe reactions. Such reactions are seen when filarial worms which circulate in the blood and lymph are killed by diethylcar-bamazine (264). Intestinal worms may be expelled when they are paralyzed by neuromuscular blockers such as piperazine citrate or pyrantel (265), or their metabolism may be disrupted by the anthelmintic drugs tetramisole and thiabendazole (266) which inhibit fumarate reductase, or mebendazole (267) which prevents glucose uptake by the worms. The anthelmintic activity of tetramisole is due to its laevo isomer levamisole (186). The dextro isomer has antidepressant activity. 

Betel nuts, Bing Lang, are used for intestinal worms and irregular bowel movements. 

Chemicals known as piperazines have industrial applications worldwide, and it is legal to purchase bulk quantities of these chemicals on the Internet for this purpose. By changing chemical groups added to the basic piperazine skeletal structure, different chemicals can be formed that vary considerably in their industrial, medical, and mind-altering properties. Piperazine citrate and related compounds destroy intestinal worms, making these chemicals useful in both medical and veterinary preparations. Other medicinal and mind-altering qualities of piperazines are being exploited as possible treatments of depression, psychosis, Alzheimer s disease, and tumors. 

The term vermouth, as discussed earlier, is derived from Wermut, the German word for wormwood—a frequent ingredient in vermouth. This is probably based on the alleged beneficial properties derived from wormwood. Wormwood has powerful medicinal and psychoactive qualities and was historically used to cure stomach problems, including intestinal worms. Wormwood is also very bitter. Wormwood is no longer added, but vermouth is still characterized by a bitter undertone contributed by the botanicals. 

The addition of wormwood to wine appears to date from early Roman, and probably early Greek, times. It was classically used in the treatment of intestinal worms and added to wine and ale since the time of the Greek mathematician, Pythagoras. Wine infused with herbs, including wormwood, was utilized as a tonic and medical treatment by Hippocrates. 

The ability of the alga Digenea simplex to combat intestinal worms has been exploited for many years in Japan.28 The active component has been shown to be (-)-a-kainic acid 2 [NB not (+)-a-allokainic acid 3] and similar properties have been reported for (-)-domoic acid 4.4b Insecticidal and/or anthelmintic properties of the acromelic acids have not been reported to date. 

Kerr1070 and Walde1071 found that Bu2Sn(OCOCnH23)2 was a very effective medication against some intestinal worm infections of chickens. Later, this medication was patented. 

A medication capable of causing the evacuation of parasitic intestinal worms. 

LUMBRICI — Worms are also found in man, every member having its own species. There are long and short and round intestinal worms, and various kinds of Ascarides. Worms are also found in water. 

Alternatively, when I or II are hydrogenated, they yield 2,3-dimethyl hexahydro-pyrazine or 2-ethy 1-3-methyl hexahydropyrazine, also called 2,3-dimethyl piperazine and 2-ethy 1-3-methyl piperazine, respectively, which are used as drugs against diseases caused by intestinal worms. 

Because of its high vapor pressure, dichlorvos is useful in the control of insects in closed spaces (e.g., warehouses, greenhouses, animal shelters, homes, and restaurants). It is available in oil solutions, emu-Isifiable concentrates, aerosols, and baits. Therapeutically, dichlorvos is used as a broad-spectrum anthelmintic (for destroying or expelling intestinal worms). It is also used as a feed through larvicide to control botfly larvae in the manure. It is primarily used for insect control. Dichlorvos is also a breakdown product of the organophosphorus pesticide trichlorfon (metrifonate). 

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