Interior exposure

For the evaluation of paints for interior exposure, JAN-P-702 was taken as a reference standard. 

Small dusty interiors Exposure to food and inhalatory allergens... 

Alkyds are used for finishing metal and wood products but not to the degree previously used. Their durability to interior exposure is good, but their durability to exterior exposure is only fair. Because of their formulating flexibility, they are used in fillers, sealers, and caulks for wood finishing. They are still used for finishing by the machine tool and other industries. Alkyd-modified acrylic latex paints are excellent architectural finishes. 

In most cases the sample bottle has a wide mouth, making it easy to fill and remove the sample. A narrow-mouth sample bottle is used when exposing the sample to the container cap or to the outside environment is undesirable. Unless exposure to plastic is a problem, caps for sample bottles are manufactured from polyethylene. When polyethylene must be avoided, the container cap includes an inert interior liner of neoprene or Teflon. 

Classification—a review of exposure durabiHty in terms of interior and exterior grades of plywood... 

Besides the chemical composition, porosity is another property of stone which has great influence on its preservation. An increased porosity increases the exposed surface and pores allow movement of materials such as water and its solutes through the stones. If the pores are blocked or reduced in diameter such substances may be trapped within resulting in increased local interior damage. Exposure to the climatic elements is one important source of decay. Freeze-thaw cycles, in particular, result in pressures on the pore walls of the stone s interior from changes in volume during the phase transition... 

Adhesives (qv) used to make plywood are classified as either the exterior adhesive or the lesser quaHty interior adhesive. The terms relate to the abUity of the adhesive to survive exposure to moisture and weather. PhenoHc resins (qv) are commonly used as adhesives to make plywood. The difference between interior and exterior phenoHc resin adhesive is the filler level. Exterior rated plywood uses higher resin content adhesives. Interior rated plywood uses either highly extended (below 24% resin soHds) or protein-based adhesives. The adhesive is appHed to the veneer by roU coating, spraying, curtain coating, or foam extmsion. 

Polystyrene. Polystyrene [9003-53-6] is a thermoplastic prepared by the polymerization of styrene, primarily the suspension or bulk processes. Polystyrene is a linear polymer that is atactic, amorphous, inert to acids and alkahes, but attacked by aromatic solvents and chlorinated hydrocarbons such as dry cleaning fluids. It is clear but yellows and crazes on outdoor exposure when attacked by uv light. It is britde and does not accept plasticizers, though mbber can be compounded with it to raise the impact strength, ie, high impact polystyrene (HIPS). Its principal use in building products is as a foamed plastic (see Eoamed plastics). The foams are used for interior trim, door and window frames, cabinetry, and, in the low density expanded form, for insulation (see Styrene plastics). 

So-called pure acryUc latexes are employed for maximum durabiUty as required, for example, in high performance exterior latex paints. On the other hand, interior flat wall latex paints do not need the high resistance to exterior exposure and hydrolysis. The most widely used latexes for this appHcation are vinyl acetate copolymer latexes such as vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate (2-propenoic acid butyl ester) [141-32-2] copolymers having just sufficient... 

Compounds based on S—EB—S usually contain polypropylene, which improves solvent resistance and processibiUty and raises upper service temperatures. Compounds intended for use in the automotive industry are able to survive 1000 hours air exposure at temperatures of 125°C with only minor changes in properties (54). Very soft compounds have been developed to replace foam mbber for interior trim parts. In this and similar appHcations, these soft compounds are usually insert molded over polypropylene or metal and then coated with flexible polyurethane paint (55). Other automotive appHcations include products intended for sound deadening, flexible air ducts, and gear shifter boots, as weU as improving the properties of sheet mol ding compounds. 

Reversed-phase chromatography rehes on significantly stronger-hydrophobic interactions than in HIC, which can result in unfolding and exposure of the interior hydrophobic residues, i.e., leads to protein denaturation and irreversible inactivation as such, RPC depends... 

Maa (M2) developed a procedure for calculating the liquid surface temperature as a function of the time each liquid element is in contact with the vapor. He assumed that the latent heat of vaporization is transferred from the interior of the liquid to the interface by pure conduction. Consequently, the sole source of energy for vaporization is the sensible heat made available by a change in the liquid temperature. If exposure time is short, only the liquid near the surface will undergo a temperature change. The heat transfer within the liquid is modeled by... 

Bomschein RL, Succop PA, Krafft KM, et al. 1986. Exterior surface dust lead, interior house dust lead and childhood lead exposure in an urban environment. In Hemphil DD, ed. Trace substances in environmental health. Vol. 20. Columbia, MO University of Missouri 322-332. 

After exposure, the outside surface of the cast was cleansed until the activity of the washes was less than 10X the background of a gamma well scintillation counter. The cast was cut into separate bifurcations and airway sections and each section was counted to determine the amount of aerosol deposited. Sane samples contained both airway and bifurcation sections because of the complex configuration of the cast. For combination samples, the total activity deposited was equally apportioned between each of the airways and bifurcations. End airways were included for determination or total deposition but not in any of the analyses because flow disturbances at open ends may have affected deposition. The surface area of each sample was measured separately. The surface density for each cast segment was calculated by dividing the activity measured in the sample by the interior surface area of that sample. 

Experiments on board the NASA Long Duration Exposure facility have been performed with spores from the bacterium Bacillus subtilis, allowing them to be exposed to the extreme conditions of space. Low pressures and highly energetic particles are dominant in space and most importantly around the Sun, including an intense UV radiation field. It is the latter that is the most destructive in terms of viability of the spores, and under controlled conditions the extreme UV exposure is four orders of magnitude more likely to kill the cells than when screened. Crucially, however, not all spores were killed. Protection of the spores from the UV field for example within the interior of the meteorite suggests that the spores... 

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