Interface ports

Sample Introduction and Transfer System. The sample Introduction and sample transfer system is a lengthened version of the PHI Model 15-720B Introduction system which consists of a polymer bellows-covered heating and cooling probe, a transferable sample holder, an eight-port dual-axis cross, and the mlnlreactor Interface port and transfer probe (Figure 2). There Is also a transfer vessel port with the necessary transfer probe for Introduction of air sensitive samples. They are not part of the reactor/surface analysis system. The dual cross and attached hardware are supported by the probe drive mechanism which floats on a block driven vertically and transversely by two micrometers. These micrometers plus the probe drive mechanism allow X-Y-2... 

We must now add interface ports to the circuit. Select Place and then Hierarchical Port from the Capture menus ... 

The A/D board can reside either in the detector, an interface box, or in the computer. If the board is in the computer, it will have analog input terminals similar to a strip chart recorder or it will be connected to an interface box that will have this type of connector. If the A/D card is in the detector, the detector will have some type of digital interface port and a cable to connect it to the computer. In the personal computer world, once the signal is digitized outside the computer, it will be sent to the computer over one of three types of communication cables parallel, serial, or GPIB. 

A floppy controller is not a complicated device. The early controllers were large expansion boards that usually contained an Intel 8272 or Zilog 765 controller chip. As this book is being written, you can buy a card that contains the floppy controller, two serial interfaces, parallel and game interface ports, and disk interface for about 35. 

When a system is derived from the scheme, a special entity called switch is added that serves as a very abstract model of the network. It is connected to all the non-interface ports of the other entities and can establish connections between them. 

An interface port, which is used for the interface events. In figures, it is drawn on top of the entities. Each interface port yields an access point. 

One additional entity executes the switch program. Its ports are connected to each port of the other entities, except for the interface ports see Figure 5.2. 

With any precise notion of interactive algorithms, it is clear how the system behaviour, i.e., global runs of such a system (in interaction with users) are defined. The interface, and thus the restriction to interface behaviour, is defined by the interface ports of all the entities. 

Figure 6a shows the transmission hne representing a viscoelastic layer [64]. Every layer is represented by a T . The apphcation of the Kirchhoff laws to the Ts reproduces the wave equation and the continuity of stress and strain. The detailed proof is provided in [4]. To the left and to the right of the circuit are open interfaces (ports). These can be exposed to external shear waves. They can also be connected to the ports of neighboring layers (Fig. 6b). Alternatively, they may just be short-circuited, in case there is no stress acting on this surface (left-hand side in Fig. 6c). Finally, if the stress-speed ratio Zl (the load impedance, see below) of the sample is known, the port can be short-circuited across an element of the form AZl, where A is the active area (right-hand side in Fig. 6c). Figure 6c shows a viscoelastic layer which is also piezoelectric. This equivalent circuit was first derived by Mason [4,55]. We term it the Mason circuit. The capacitance, Co, is the electric capacitance between the electrodes. The port to the right-hand side of the transformer is the electrical port. The series resonance frequency is given by the condition that the impedance of the acoustic part (the stress-speed ratio, aju) be zero, where the acoustic part comprises all elements connected to the left-hand side of the transformer.

Several in-room service panels are part of this system. Each patient room, and other locations where needed, are equipped with an in-room service panel. The panel consists of an isolation valve, a regulator hand valve (to reduce supply pressure from 250 psi to a usable pressure of 20-30 psi), a pressure indicator gauge, a pressure relief valve, a spring-loaded check valve, and a capped interface port (for maintenance operations only). 

Input/output ports Timers and counters Interrupt controls Analog to digital converters Digital analog converters Serial interfacing ports Oscillatory circuits... 

Novel applications for microfluidic devices in chemistry, biology, and medicine are emerging at a rapid pace, and such devices are increasing in complexity. All of these devices share the need to interface micro channels with the macro world. Interfacing and packaging issues present some of the most critical obstacles to successful microfluidic devices [1]. A wide variety of ideas has emerged for producing these fluidic interconnects [2, 3]. The need for an interface port for access to the micro channels is common to all interconnect concepts. 

As microfluidic devices increase in complexity, multilayer designs are becoming necessary [4]. The most common technique for producing multilayered devices is to laminate several individual layers [5, 6]. Monolithic multilayer devices have also been produced by casting [7]. The common characteristic of all multilayer devices is the presence of interlayer vias. It is apparent that holes— m the form of interface ports and interlayer vias—are critical features for microfluidic devices. 

The preliminary results obtained in our experiments demonstrate the feasibility of punching throu -holes in a single-step hot embossing process. Our holes diameters range from 0.5 to 2 mm, and we believe these sizes should be useful either as interface ports or as interlayer connects in a multi-layer microfluidic device. Future woik concerning varied process parameters and yielding mechanics are planned. 

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