Transfer Vessels

A transfer vessel is a device that receives the contents of another vessel for emergency or nonemergency purposes. It can be as simple as a vacuum truck or as complex as a hard-piped, dedicated system. For liquids, the system typically consists of a container or containment system located below the protected vessel where gravity will promote a rapid transfer. In the few instances where a transfer vessel is used with gases, it assists in the depressurization of a process. In other instances, it may consist of a spare vessel capable of accepting the contents of a nearby vessel (in case of fire or leak) so that the damaged vessel s entire contents are not destroyed or released (Lees, 1980). In this case, a pump may be used to make the transfer between vessels. 

As with double-wall containment systems, a transfer vessel s construction materials, design pressure, and temperature rating should at least equal those of the equipment being protected. Construction materials can differ if the transfer vessel will only be exposed to the corrosive process for an acceptably short duration. 

The design of the transfer system depends on the required flow rate of liquids and vapors into the transfer vessel. If a runaway reaction has to be rapidly dumped to prevent equipment damage or a catastrophic incident, then complete transfer should be effected within a matter of seconds. If the 

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Remaining material in the transfer vessel after the mold has been filled. 

Sample Introduction and Transfer System. The sample Introduction and sample transfer system is a lengthened version of the PHI Model 15-720B Introduction system which consists of a polymer bellows-covered heating and cooling probe, a transferable sample holder, an eight-port dual-axis cross, and the mlnlreactor Interface port and transfer probe (Figure 2). There Is also a transfer vessel port with the necessary transfer probe for Introduction of air sensitive samples. They are not part of the reactor/surface analysis system. The dual cross and attached hardware are supported by the probe drive mechanism which floats on a block driven vertically and transversely by two micrometers. These micrometers plus the probe drive mechanism allow X-Y-2... 

The use of clean glassware is of utmost importance when doing a chemical analysis. In addition to the obvious need of keeping the solution free of contaminants, the walls of the vessels, particularly the transfer vessels (burets and pipets), must be cleaned so that the solution will flow freely and not bead up on the wall as the transfer is performed. If the solution beads up, it is obvious that the pipet or buret is not delivering the volume of solution intended. It also means that there is a greasy him on the wall that could introduce contaminants. The analyst should examine, clean, and reexamine his or her glassware in advance so that the free how of solution down the inside of the glassware can be observed. For the volumetric flask, at least the neck must be cleaned in this manner so as to ensure a well-formed meniscus. 

Figure 2. Transfer of SbF5. (I) Transfer vessel (II) storage vessel containing purified SbF5 (III) stainless-steel Swagelok (SS-400-6 1/4") fitting with FEP tubing inside (/ = 45 mm o.d. = 4.2 mm i.d. = 2.8 mm) (A) transfer bulb (V = 25 mL) (1-3) Teflonstemmed Pyrex glass valves [SPTT/5 (1,3), PTT/5/RA (2) J. Young, UK].

The released intermediate is pumped from the stainless steel transfer vessels through a slot (extrusion) die situated within the coater/dryer/laminater (coater). The released intermediate, with active uniformly dispersed, is pumped through... 

The volume of air displaced when transferring a product should also be considered. Without proper venting, the transfer operation will cease. If the transfer is very rapid, then correspondingly, the transfer vessel vent system must be capable of managing the worst case flow. Depending on the type of vapors released, the vent stream may have to be scrubbed, routed to the flare, or at least discharged at a safe location. 

Loading and elution column solution forward flow to fluidize the resin in each column, valve 1 open, valves 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 closed. (2) No solution flow, resin settling, valve 2 open to return feed solution to storage, valve 1 closed. (3) Solution back flow, resin from bottom stage transferred to resin transfer vessels, valves 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 open, valves 1 and 3 closed. (4) Valve flush and resin transfer from resin transfer vessels to top offluid bed columns, no forward solution flow, valves 1, 3, 4, and 5 open, valves 2 and 6 closed. (5) Resumption of solution forward flow to the fluid bed columns. 

OperationaUy, there are several ways to start up the system (1) ibuprofen and lysine can be mixed in a separate tank/transfer vessel and then added or (2) the contents of the system at the end of one run can be saved for the next. It was decided to charge a slurry of diastereomers to be separated to the dissolver at the beginning. The slurry in the dissolver was continuously filtered via a ceramic crossflow filter of 0.2 p,m pore size. The supersaturated permeate was transferred to the crystallizer. Simultaneously, the slurry in the crystallizer could be filtered via another ceramic filter, and the clear saturated (with respect to S-ibu-S-lys) permeate filtrate could be sent to the dissolver. Both permeates would be kept at the same rate to maintain the volumes in both the dissolver and crystallizer. However, fluidized bed operation was clearly more convenient. Table 7-3 summarizes the results of two kilogram-scale experiments. As shown in the table, the final optical purity of S-ibu-S-lys is greater than 98%, starting with 50% S-ibu-S-lys and 50% R-ibu-S-lys in the dissolver. 

Fig. 51. Apparatus for precipitation in the absence of air. Arrangement for drying and transfer of the precipitates transfer vessel with adapter 7—storage vessel with sealing constriction 2-10—ground...

Place nut in holder and transfer vessel from desiccator to holding rack in glovebox. Gloves should be worn to prevent contamination of sealing surfaces. 

The safety of personnel transfers depends on many factors. The type of shore facility, the access site on the transfer vessel, the foundation and transition piece, and weather and sea conditions (waves, wind, and currents) influence whether safe access or egress is possible and the type of access system or vessel used. To minimize risk and maximize efficiency, any type of transfer vessel will need to nose into place easily and quickly rest safely in position at the transfer point and transfer personnel and equipment quickly, safely, and reliably. Above all, any personnel transfer system should maximize safety and minimize complexity. 

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