Interaction Theory

A simplified summary of electromagnetic interaction theory for chemists [7] shows that any interaction requires equal participation of an emitter and an absorber. The crucial argument is that emission without a receptive absorber and absorption in the absence of an emitter are equally unlikely events. What occurs in all cases is therefore best described as transmission. This means that emission, which causes propagation of energy as a function of time, is balanced by an inverse retrogression that runs from the absorber, backwards in time. If a signal, transmitted at time t0 from the emitter, triggers an 

There is nothing mysterious about the time-reversed signal. The wave equation 

Einstein s pioneering explanation of the photoelectric effect led to the perception of a photon as a particle that moves through the vacuum with constant speed c. Both of these conclusions are probably wrong6. The photon is not a particle but a standing i.e. stationary) wave, as explained before. The interacting charges remain on the same relativistic world line and therefore effectively in contact. 

BIt is always dangerous to discard mathematically valid solutions on the basis of personal prejudice. 

6The transaction mechanism explains the photoelectric effect even better than a particle model as the absorber in the metal can only be a single electron. 

The most attractive part of the wave-field vacuum is that it provides a natmal explanation to the vexing question of action at a distance. The seminal idea stems from the work of Tetrode (1922) who concluded that 

The same idea was advanced independently some years later by Gilbert Lewis 

The central idea in both proposals is that signals between emitter and absorber, going respectively forward and backward in time, could serve to establish two-way contact and facilitate the exchange of radiant energy as a transmission rather than emission. Both authors emphasized the fact that on the relativistic light cone, the vanishing world scalar 

Two atoms in virtual contact, like two atoms in physical contact, have no problem to establish whether their relationship allows the transfer of energy, even though the time of emission and absorption may be separated by millenia. 

The reader who feels uneasy about the time-inversion symmetry is reminded that the simplest mathematical distinction between matter and antimatter relates to an inverted time parameter. This is the convention used in the analysis of interactions by Feynman diagrams (Gottfried Weisskopf, (1984). 

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A. Rank, Orbital Interaction Theory of Organic Chemistry, Wiley, 1994 T, A. Albright, J. K. Burden and M.-H. Whangbo, Orbital Interactions in Chemistry, Wiley, 1985. 

This simple relation rests on literal validity of both the intermolecular and the intramolecular interaction theories hence its unqualified acceptance is open to question). 

Hlavacek WS, Percus JK, Percus OE et al (2002) Retention of antigen on follicular dendritic cells and Blymphocytes through complement-mediated multivalent ligand-receptor interactions theory and application to HIV treatment. Math Biosci 176 185-202... 

The DBD is a rare radioactive process allowed by the standard weak interaction theory [83],... 

A. Rauk, Orbital Interaction Theory of Organic Chemistry, Wiley Interscience, New York, 1994. 

Mies FH (1968) Configuration interaction theory, effects of overlapping resonances. Phys Rev 175 164... 

Molecular hydrogen, 23 759 Molecular imprinting, 6 397 Molecular interactions, 25 103 Molecular interaction theories, 24 38 Molecular Laser Isotope Separation (MLIS) process, 25 416 417 Molecular level machine, 2 7 58 Molecularly imprinted plastics (MIPs) smart, 22 717)... 

Recently in [6] we constructed effective Lagrangians of the Veneziano-Yankielowicz (VY) type for two non-supersymmetric but strongly interacting theories with a Dirac fermion either in the two index symmetric or two index antisymmetric representation of the gauge group. These theories are planar equivalent, at N —> oo to SYM [7], In this limit the non-supersymmetric effective Lagrangians coincide with the bosonic part of the VY Lagrangian. 

Kryachko, E. S., and Koga, T. (1985), Modem Aspects of Diatomic Interaction Theory, Academic Press, New York. 

Example 3 When using the specific ion interaction theory, the relationship between the normal potential of the redox couple in a medium... 

Ciavatta, L. The specific interaction theory in evaluating ionic equilibria. Ann. Chim. (Rome), 1980, 70, 551-567. 

SPARC (Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine), 46 484-485 Specific activity method, of isotope half-life determination, 2 326-327 Specific interaction theory, application, 43 19-21... 

I. Fleming, Frontier Orbitals and Organic Chemical Reactions, John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, 1976. See also A. Rauk, Orbital Interaction Theory of Organic Chemistry, John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, 1994, pp. 126-141. 

Kinetics of Surface Reactions with Lateral Interactions Theory and Simulations... 

The abiiity of various ciasses of antidepressants and ECS to enhance dopamine effects in animal models Interactional Theories of Depression... 

The second Higgs field acts in such a way that if the vacuum expectation value is zero, ( ) = 0, then the symmetry breaking mechanism effectively collapses to the Higgs mechanism of the standard SU(2) x U(l) electroweak theory. The result is a vector electromagnetic gauge theory 0(3)/> and a broken chiral SU(2) weak interaction theory. The mass of the vector boson sector is in the A(3) boson plus the W and Z° particles. 

Orbital interaction theory forms a comprehensive model for examining the structures and kinetic and thermodynamic stabilities of molecules. It is not intended to be, nor can it be, a quantitative model. However, it can function effectively in aiding understanding of the fundamental processes in chemistry, and it can be applied in most instances without the use of a computer. The variation known as perturbative molecular orbital (PMO) theory was originally developed from the point of view of weak interactions [4, 5]. However, the interaction of orbitals is more transparently developed, and the relationship to quantitative MO theories is more easily seen by straightforward solution of the Hiickel (independent electron) equations. From this point of view, the theoretical foundations lie in Hartree-Fock theory, described verbally and pictorially in Chapter 2 [57] and more rigorously in Appendix A. 

In the language of perturbation theory, the two orbitals will constitute the unperturbed system, the perturbation is the interaction between them, and the result of the interaction is what we wish to determine. The situation is displayed in Figure 3.1a. The diagram shown in Figure 3.1 b conveys the same information in the standard representations of PMO or orbital interaction theory. The two interacting but unperturbed systems are shown on the left and the right, and the system after the interaction is turned on is displayed between them. Our task is to find out what the system looks like after the interaction. Fet us start with the two unperturbed orbitals and seek the best MOs that can be constructed from them. Thus,... 

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