Insulin secretin

JAKOB S, MOSENTHIN R, THAELA M J, WESTROM B R, REHFELD J F, OLSEN O, KARLSSON S, AHREN B, OHLSSON A, KARLSSON B w, PIERZYNOWSKI s G (2000) The influence of potato fibre on exocrine pancreatic secretions and on plasma levels of insulin, secretin and cholecystokinin in growing pigs. Arch Tierernahr. 53 273-91. 

Secondary hyperparathyroidism can cause altered lipid metabolism, altered insulin secretin, resistance to erythropoietic therapy, impaired neurologic and immune functions, and increased mortality. 

It inhibits the secretion of numerous hormones and transmitters, including gastrin, cholecystokinin, glucagon, growth hormone, insulin, secretin, pancreatic polypeptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and 5-HT. 

Hormoproteins.—Several of the internal secretions of the human body have been found to be proteins or protein derivatives. Chief among these protein hormones are insulin, secretin, thyro-globulin, prolactin and other pituitary factors, parathyrin. The simple autaooids, adrenaline and thyroxine are amino acid derivatives. 

In the GI tract, different hydrodynamic conditions are present, depending on the fasted or the fed state. Contraction patterns are controlled in terms of electromechanical impulses (myoelectric activity) as well as by various hormones (cholecystokinin, secretin, glucagon, motilin, and insulin, for example). In the fasted state, the motility pattern is regulated by the (interdigestive) migrating myoelectric complex [(I)... 

Compounds that stimu late insulin secretion One that decreases insulin secretion A rise in blood glucose is the most important signal for increased insulin secretion. Plasma amino acid levels and the intestinal peptide secretin also stimulate insulin secre tion. Its synthesis and release are decreased by epinephrine, which is secreted in response to stress, trauma, or extreme exercise. 

Synthetic peptides such as oxytocin, vasopressin, ACTH, calcitonin, secretin, somatostatin, cyclosporine, and insulin are already in clinical use. 

Know the action of hormones involved in the digestion and metabolism of food substances insulin, glucagon, secretin, gastrin, and cholecystokinin. Know their chemical and physiologic properties and what controls their blood levels. 

Somatostatin is a hypothalamic hormone that inhibits secretion of growth hormone (somatotropin), gastrin, secretin, glucagon and insulin. Somatostatin acts via GPCRs that decrease cAMP via Gai. 

Somatostatin is a cyclic tetradecapeptide hormone, characterized as the major physiological inhibitor of growth hormone released from the pituitary, but inhibits the release of many other physiologically important compounds, including insulin, glucagon, gastrin, and secretin (Wolkowitz, 1994). 

Regulation of insulin secretion is affected by numerous factors, such as ftKxl, hormonal and neuronal stimuli, and innic mechanisms. In humans, the principal sub.slratc that stimulates the release of in.sulin from the islet /3-cells is glucose. In addition to glucose, other substrates (c.g., amino acids, free fatty acids, and ketone bodies) also can stimulate insulin. secretion directly. Secretin and ACTH can directly stimulate insulin secretion. Glucagon and other related peptides can increase the secretion of insulin, whereas somatostatin inhibits its secretion. 

Octreotide is a long-acting somatostatin analog that inhibits the secretion of serotonin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, gastrin, motilin, insulin, glucagons, secretin, and pancreatic polypeptide. It is used for the control of symptoms in patients with carcinoid and vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting tumors (VIPomas). Its major toxicity is nausea and vomiting. 

Suppression of secretion of many hormones (e.g., GH, TSH, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide [VIP], gastric inhibitory polypeptide [GIP], secretin, motilin, glucagon, and insulin)... 

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