Insulin-like peptides

N.A. Fixed oil, insulin-like peptide, mormordin, charantin, mormordicine." Treat diabetes, ulcers, urinary stones, a stomach tonic, induces menstruation. 

Homologues of the mammalian insulin receptor, IR, are the DAF-2 receptor in Caenorhabditis elegans and the IR-like receptor in Drosophila. TTie DAF-2 receptor shares 35% of its amino-acid sequence with the human insulin receptor and 34% with the insulin-like growth factor receptor-1. The tyrosine kinase domain of the DAF-2 receptor is 70% similar and 50% identical to the tyrosine kinase domain of the human insulin receptor. A ligand for DAF-2 has not yet been identified, but an insulin-like peptide is anticipated. Since a t5T>ical insulin receptor substrate, like lRS-1 or IRS-2, has not been found in C. elegans, it is assumed that a COOH-terminal extension of the DAF-2 receptor serves as a built-in receptor substrate, which when phosphorylated, helps to recruit signalling proteins. 

G12. Guyda, H. J., Corvol, M. T., Rappaport, R., and Posner, B. I., Radioreceptor assay for insulin-like peptides in human plasma Growth hormone dependence and correlation with sulfation activity by two bioassays. /. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 48, 739-747 (1979). 

H21. Hintz, R. L., Thorsson, A. V, Enberg, G., and Hall, K., IGF-II binding on human lymphoid cells Demonstration of a common high affinity receptor for insulin like peptides. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Common. 118, 774-782 (1984). 

S., Partial purification, characterization and assay of a slightly acidic insulin-like peptide (ILAs) from human asma. /. CUn. Endocrinol. Metab. 47, 1240-1250 (1978). 

Pashmforoush, M. Chan, S.J. Steiner, D.R Structure and expression of the insulin-like peptide receptor from amphioxus. Mol. Endocrinol., 10,... 

Insulin-like peptides (INSLP), members of the relaxin peptide family. The four insulin-like peptides 3 to insulin-like peptide 6, encoded in human by the genes INSL3-INSL6, are structurally related to insulin. They each contain individual A and B chains that are connected by two disulfide bonds and formed from a prohormone after proteolytic cleavage of... 

Guo ZY, Shen L, Gu W, Wu AZ, Ma JG, Feng YM. In vitro evolution of amphioxus insulin-like peptide-to-mammalian insulin. Biochemistry. 2002 41 10603-10507. 

An insulin-like peptide regulates egg maturation and metabolism in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105(15) 5716-5721. 

Gorczyca M., Augart C., and Budnik V. 1993. Insulin-like peptide and insulin-like receptor are localized at neuromuscular junctions in Drosophila. J. Neurosci. 13 3692-3704. 

An aqueous extract of RJ produced hypoglycemia when injected into larvae of Manduca sexta. The application of specific radioimmunoassay to the partially purified extract showed that RJ contains several insulin-like peptides, the major immunoreactive component of which had an apparent mol. wt similar to that of bovine insulin. These results suggested the existence of a peptide in the honeybee having both biological and structural similarities to vertebrate insulin [90]. Partially purified extracts from honeybees (Apis mellifera), and extracts from their separated heads, cross-reacted in a porcine insulin radioimmunoassay. The active extracts displaced porcine insulin from rat liver insulin receptors and showed insulin-like activity with rat adipocytes that could be abolished with bovine insulin antiserum. The presence of an insulin... 

Zhang S, Hughes RA, Bathgate RA, Shabanpoor F, Hossain MA, Lin F, van Lierop B, Robinson AJ, Wade JD (2010) Role of the intra-A-chain disulfide bond of insulin-like peptide 3 in binding and activation of its receptor, RXFP2. Peptides 31 1730-1736... 

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