Instron universal testing instrument

Steinsholt, K. 1973. The use of an Instron universal testing instrument in studying the rigidity of milk during coagulation by rennin. Milchwissenschaft 28, 94-97. 

Instron Universal Testing Instrument, Instron Corporation. 

Tensile Strength. Yam tensile strength of conditioned samples (20 °C, 65 rh) was measured on an Instron universal testing instrument model 1123 equipped with a 50-g load cell and operating at a 1-in. gauge length and a 2-mm/min crosshead speed. Twenty-five yams each in... 

Test specimens (dumbells 71mm long, 8mm wide at clamp and 2mm wide at neck) for tensile property measurements (Instron Universal Testing Instrument Model 1130 load cell, 5kg full scale strain rate of 5cm/min.) were prepared by solvent casting from dilute (<10%) solutions in benzene on mercury the films were then dried to constant weight in a vacuum oven. The films were cured by placing them in a Pasadena Press at 2500 psi at 160°C for varying time periods. 

Adhesive Testing The bonded specimens were tested for lap shear strength on an Instron Universal Testing Instrument at a crosshead speed of 0.05"/min. (1200-1400 psi/min.) as detailed in ASTM D-1002. Lap shear strengths in the tables represent a minimum of four specimens. Variations among specimens were no more than 15 percent of the average values. 

The instrumental TPA was developed by a group at the General Foods Corporation Technical Center (Szczesniak and Kleyn, 1963). The parameters obtained from the resulting forcetime curve correlate well with sensory evaluations of the same parameters (Friedman et al., 1963). Later, the Instron Universal Testing Machine was adapted to perform a modified TPA (Bourne, 1968, 1974). A typical Instron TPA curve is shown in Figure H2.3.1. 

Property Measurements. All silk samples were conditioned prior to testing at 65% RH and 21°C according to ASTM Test Method D 1776-79, "Standard Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing." (8) Tensile properties were determined on an Instron Model 4201 Universal Testing Instrument. Tensile test data were recorded and stored for reanalysis using Instron software, "General Tensile Test, Revision D."... 

Lap shear strength of the pieces of wood with plastic injection molded to them was tested on a Instron Model 4200 universal testing instrument. Experimental conditions were as follows room temperature, 23°C room relative humidity 50% crosshead speed, 2.54 mm/min with the sample in hand-fastened grips and an aluminum specimen holder. The lap shear strengths of the wood-plastic samples are summarized in Table 9. The copolymer samples were fractionated by benzene extraction. The reaction product was labeled product A. The benzene extract of the product became ben. ex. Whereas the benzene-insoluble portion of the product was labeled product B. 

Stress-strain properties were determined as a function of absorbant concentration using a Universal Testing Instrument (Instron Corp., Canton, MA). The procedure used was adopted from ASTM Standards D882-83 (1984). Ten specimens were tested to obtain an average value. The amount of d-limonene absorbed was determined according to the Scott and Veldhuis (16) procedure. 

A series of experiments were conducted using AA in a three step protocol to bond composite resin to dentin. Ten teeth were used for each bonding experiment. The bonding method employed was as follows the dentin surface was first pretreated with one drop (0.05 mL) of AA in an aqueous solution for 60 s. The AA treated dentin surface was then rinsed with distilled water for 10 s and was blown dry with compressed air a drop (0.05 mL) of either 10 wt. % or 5 wt. % NPG in acetone was placed on the dentin surface for 1 min. The acetone evaporated leaving a dry surface one drop (0.05 mL) of the SAM in acetone was placed on the NPG treated surface for 1 min and then gently air blown to remove any excess acetone. The mixed composite paste was then applied. After 24 h of storage in distilled water at 24 °C the bonded specimens were fractured in tension on a universal testing instrument (Model 1130, Instron Corp., Canton, MA) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 cm/min. 

The labor-intensive nature of polymer tensile and flexure tests makes them logical candidates for automation. We have developed a fully automated instrument for performing these tests on rigid materials. The instrument is comprised of an Instron universal tester, a Zymark laboratory robot, a Digital Equipment Corporation minicomputer, and custom-made accessories to manipulate the specimens and measure their dimensions automatically. Our system allows us to determine the tensile or flexural properties of over one hundred specimens without human intervention, and it has significantly improved the productivity of our laboratory. This paper describes the structure and performance of our system, and it compares the relative costs of manual versus automated testing. 

Figure 1.22 shows a picture of an Instron Universal Materials Testing Machine and a diagram of the test plaque and details of the test configuration. The instrument can provide a stress vs. strain curve such as that shown in Figure 1.23. Analysis of this curve leads to several useful mechanical measurements.

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