Institutional pharmacy practice

Community and institutional pharmacy practices generally offer a variety of medication-related goods and services. A representative list can be found in Table 5-1. The list of goods and services given in this table is by no means comprehensive. Some pharmacies have ice cream parlors, some have nail salons, and some sell gifts and collectibles. So how does one choose what goods and services a business should offer ... 

Screening for drug interactions Institutional pharmacy practice... 

Allen SJ. Purchasing and inventory management. In Brown TR, Ed., Handbook of Institutional Pharmacy Practice. Bethesda, MD American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1992, pp. 73-79. 

Todd MW. Drug use evaluation. In Handbook of Institutional Pharmacy Practice. American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Bethesda, MD, 1996, chap. 24, pp. 261-271. 

Deborah DeEugenio, Pharm.D., B.C.P.S., is a 2001 graduate of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy at the University of the Sciences (Philadelphia). She completed a residency in Pharmacy Practice at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital (Philadelphia). Dr. DeEugenio is a member of the Temple University School of Pharmacy faculty as a Clinical Assistant Professor and a Certified Antithrombotic Provider and a Board Certified Pharmacotherapy Specialist. Her clinical activity takes place at Jefferson Heart Institute as part of the Jefferson Antithrombotics Therapy Service. The ambulatory clinic serves 400 patients on chronic anticoagulation therapy and provides continuous monitoring and education to these patients. The clinic also provides drug information and pharmacy support to the physicians and other health-care providers at the Institute. 

As great administrators, the Romans instituted hospitals, although these were used mainly to cater to the needs of the military. Through this work, organized medical care was made available. The Romans also extended the pharmacy practice of the Greeks. Dioscorides and Galen were two noted physicians in Roman days. Dioscorides s Materia Medica contains descriptions of treatments based on 80% plant, 10% animal, and 10% mineral products. 

Members of the institutional staff are familiar with the current literature and are generally aware of innovative thought and practices by their peers. As physicians become aware of the skill, availability, and importance of pharmaceutical compounding and that they can literally have almost any medication they need, in the form and strength they need for a specific situation, they generally request it more often. As the institutional pharmacy staff demonstrates expertise and problem-solving skills, the medical staff consistently calls upon them [14]. 

In many developing countries of the world, there is still a major reliance on crude drug preparation of plants used in traditional medicines for their primary health care. Pharmacognosists employed in the different institutions are aware of the changing trends of herbal medications and a number of useful texts on the analysis, uses, and potential toxicities of herbal remedies have appeared recently, which serves as useful guides in pharmacy practice. The history of medicine includes many ludicrous therapies. Nevertheless, ancient wisdom has been the basis of modem medicine and will remain as one important source of future medicine and therapeutics. The future of natural products drug discovery will be more holistic, personahzed and involve the wise use of ancient and modem therapeutic skills in a complementary manner so that maximum benefits can be accmed to the patients and the community. 

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University, West Lafayette and Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A. 

Buerki RA, Vottc ro LD. 1994. Ethical Responsibility in Pharmacy Practice. Madison, WI American Institute of the History of Pharmacy. 

Opportunities to decide which products and services to offer are available to both community and institutional pharmacies. The environments are slightly different, and the decisions are important in both settings. For example, hospital pharmacies frequently are within larger infrastructures of the hospitals they serve. Many, however, still function to add value to various inputs. They serve patients and internal customers—the physicians, nurses, and other health care professionals who practice in the institution. 

About the Author Dr. Bentley is an Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Administration and Research Associate Professor in the Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy. He received a B.S. in pharmacy and an MBA from Drake University and an M.S. and Ph.D. in pharmacy administration from the University of Mississippi. In addition to statistics, Dr. Bentley s teaching interests focus on the organization, delivery, financing, and outcomes of health care. His research interests include understanding the role of pharmacy practice in how medications and the medication consumption experience affect quality of life, the use of quality-of-life measures as clinical tools, and empirical investigations of ethical issues in pharmacy and research. 

M. Venkat Ram Reddy, born in 1967, received his Ph.D. in organic chemistry from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India. Later, he worked with Nobel Laureate Professor Herbert C. Brown and Professor P. V. Ramachandran at the Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, for his postdoctoral studies. He was then appointed as the Assistant Research Scientist in the newly established Herbert C. Brown Center for Borane Research, Purdue University. Since Summer of 2004, he has been an Assistant Professor at the Departments of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth. He has co-authored more than 60 publications and three patents. His research interests include asymmetric organic synthesis and synthesis of small molecules as anticancer agents. 

Deborah DeEugenio holds a Doctor of Pharmacy degree from the University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. She completed a post- doctoral residency in pharmacy practice at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital. Dr. DeEugenio is a Board Certified Pharmacotherapy Specialist and a Certified Anticoagulation Provider. Dr. DeEugenio is currently an Assistant Professor at Temple University School of Pharmacy in Philadelphia. She also works at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital as a clinical pharmacist for Jefferson Heart Institute and Jefferson Antithrombotics Therapy Service. 

These lOM reports can serve as stimuli for the pharmacy profession to initiate improvements in the quality of care delivered to patients and to reduce the extent and severity of medical errors within the U.S. This is an opportunity for pharmacisfs to institute improvements from within the profession, instead of waifing for imposed changes from other health professions, industries, or regulatory bodies. Pharmacists are trained with a xmique set of skills and expertise regarding medication use. Working as part of a team of health care professionals, these skills can be used to better serve the public, lead to improvements in the quality of care, and enhance the professional aspects of pharmacy practice. 

The template for evaluating a clinical pharmacist is for use by clinical pharmacy managers. It should be revised to meet specific institutional requirements for clinical pharmacy practice prior to implementation. Specific numbers and types of patient interventions should be included and reviewed to reflect accurately the individual dinical pharmacist s practice responsibilities. 

The Task Force on Critical Care Pharmacy Services consisted of members from the Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Section of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the Critical Care Practice and Research Network of the ACCP. Members of the task force were from institutions of various sizes and they provide critical care services within a variety of pharmacy practice models. Practitioners from both community-based and academic practice settings were included. 

ACCP White Paper. Clinical pharmacy practice in the non-institutional setting. Pharmacotherapy 1992, 12,. 358-364. 

At the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, oncology clinical pharmacists participate as members on the NCI Physician s Data Query online cancer information service supportive care and drug information panels and serve on the Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties Council on Oncology Pharmacy Practice. - These pharmacists, in conjunction with the NIH Division of Safety, developed the first recommendations for safe handling and disposal of antineoplastic drug products and waste. 

Wright, L.J. United States Public Health Service bicentennial 1798-1998 A focus on oncology pharmacy practice at the National Institutes of Health. J. Oncol. Pharm. Pract. 1998, 4 (3), 139-142. 

Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Florida, Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nova Southeastern College of Pharmacy, Coordinator, Nutrition Support Team, H. Lee Moffltt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida Chapter 137... 

Professor Ian K Wong qualified as a pharmacist in 1992. He worked at the former Medicines Control Agency on the Yellow Card system, at the David Lewis Centre for Epilepsy, Northwick Park Hospital and the University of Bradford. In 2002, Professor Wong set up the Centre for Paediatric Pharmacy Research in the School of Pharmacy, University of London, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children and Institute of Child Health, University of London. His main research interests are paediatric drug safety and health service research. He was awarded a Department of Health Public Health Career Scientist Award in 2002 and Chemists and Druggists Pharmacy Practice Research Medal in 2004 for his research in paediatric medicines. 

---