Inspection unscheduled

The selection of materials to be used in design dictates a basic understanding of the behavior of materials and the principles that govern such behavior. If proper design of suitable materials of construction is incorporated, the eqiiipment should deteriorate at a uniform and anticipated gradual rate, which will allow scheduled maintenance or replacement at regular inteivals. If localized forms of corrosion are characteristic of the combination of materials and environment, the materials engineer should still be able to predict the probable life of equipment, or devise an appropriate inspection schedule to preclude unexpected failures. The concepts of predictive, or at least preventive, maintenance are minimum requirements to proper materials selection. This approach to maintenance is certainly intended to minimize the possibility of unscheduled production shutdowns because of corrosion failures, with their attendant possible financial losses, hazard to personnel and equipment, and resultant environmental pollution. 

As with any power equipment, gas turbines require a program of planned inspections with repair or replacement of damaged components. A properly designed and conducted inspection and preventive maintenance program can do much to increase the availability of gas turbines and reduce unscheduled maintenance. Inspections and preventive maintenance can be expensive, but not as costly as forced shutdowns. Nearly all manufacturers emphasize and describe preventive maintenance procedures to ensure the reliability of their machinery, and any maintenance program should be based on manufacturer s recommendations. Inspection and preventive maintenance procedures can be tailored to individual equipment application with references such as the manufacturer s instruction book, the operator s manual, and the preventive maintenance checklist. 

Because of this, all new machinery should be thoroughly inspected for defects before installation. Acceptance criteria should include guidelines that clearly define acceptable design/operational specifications. This practice pays big dividends by increasing productivity and decreasing unscheduled downtime. 

In this latter connection both contractors and owner management play a joint role in ensuring reliability of operation and avoidance of unscheduled shutdowns. Great strides have been made in this area with better design, inspection and safety procedures, and by the use of improved maintenance and operating techniques. 

It ran for 719 onstream hours (30 days) with no unscheduled outages. The scrubber was down once for a scheduled 3-hour inspection and again when the boiler came down for 135 hours to install a new station power transformer. 

The run began on September 26, 1978 and terminated on November 2, 1978, for a total of 833 onstream hours (35 days). During the run, the scrubber was out of service for 48 hours due to a boiler outage caused by a tube leak, 5 hours for a scheduled inspection, and 8 hours for unscheduled outages to clean and repair the scrubber induced-draft fan damper. Excluding boiler outages and scheduled inspections, Run 932-2A operated with an onstream factor of 99.0 percent. As was typical of all long-term rims, the scrubber was more reliable than the boiler. 

Enhanced preventive and predictive mainterumce PMlPdM) Automatic scheduling of repetitive PM activities is possible through CMMS. PM tasks and inspection frequencies can be documented on the PM module and printed as part of the PM work order. A CMMS enhances PM by providing a method to monitor failure trends and highlight major causes of equipment breakdowns and unscheduled repairs. 

The regulations in 585 allow BOEM to conduct scheduled and unscheduled inspections of a lessee s facilities and vessels used in operations to verify that all project activities are conducted in compliance with the terms of the lease. The lessee must provide access to all facilities and areas listed on the lease and provide all records of design, installation, operations and maintenance, repairs, or investigations on or related to the project area. The lessee must demonstrate compliance with its own SMS (Federal Register 2011b, 64774-64775). Each lessee will also develop and conduct an annual self-inspection plan for all facilities and make the plan available on request. The plan must include such details as type, extent, and frequency of inspections conducted for relevant structures and components and an assessment of structural integrity. The lessee must submit an annual report listing all facilities inspected over the previous 12 months, the type of inspection used, and a summary of actions taken. 

Do safety leadership personnel and supervisors conduct unscheduled hazard surveys and inspections ... 

Unscheduled inspections may be random visits by specialists. Unscheduled inspections may occur when someone brings equipment in for maintenance or repair. During the repair visit, someone checks the equipment for other deficiencies and hazardous conditions, not only the components involved in the repair. 

Foundry workers are subject to burn from hot metals. Himel [5] reported a foundry worker who sustained circumferential molten metal burns of the distal foot and toes necessitating amputation of four toes. This severe injury could easily have been prevented by the use of protective footwear and spats. Faulkner [6] reported that molten metal burns could be prevented with annual, unscheduled inspections by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and with the enforcement of additional regulations regarding protective apparel. 

Safety tours - similar to safety inspections but which involve unscheduled checks on issues such as means of escape, housekeeping and PPE >- Safety surveys - which focus upon a particular activity such as hot work or manual handling they... 

The scheduled cost and unscheduled cost are shown in Figures 17 and 18. All of the inspection policies have the minimum total cost as shown in Figure 18. For policy 1 and policy 3, the minimum maintenance cost can be obtained for a Train Recording vehicle interval of 65 units. For policy 2 and policy 4, the minimum total cost can be obtained if the train recording car interval is 125 units. 

Production losses during shut-downs are the major economic concern. The frequency of periodic shut-downs for maintenance and inspection depends on the rehabihty of the corrosion control program. The more corrosion control apphed, the fewer shut-downs will occur in the system. Thus, less time is lost from scheduled shut-downs. The frequency of costly, unscheduled outages can reduce even more drastically. 

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