Handling manual

Over one third of all reported lost-time absences are attributed to injuries caused by manual handling. This problem is common across Europe and has resulted in a Directive aimed at reducing this toll. In the UK the contents of the Directive are contained in The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (MHOR). 

A number of practical techniques have been developed to facilitate the manual handling of loads and hence reduce the toll of injuries and some of these are considered in this chapter. 

These Regulations are aimed at reducing the appalling toll of injuries from manual handling. The requirements of the Regulations are summarized below. 

Puts duties on employers regarding their employees the self-employed are responsible for themselves. 

Where manual handling is unavoidable, employers should  

---

In-store handling of paekages. Manual handling should be eliminated or redueed as far as possible. Fork-lift trueks should be regularly maintained, be provided with adequate aeeess ways driving should be restrieted to fully-trained personnel. 

Bulk transport is often favoured sinee it reduees the requirement for manual handling and faeilitates enelosed transfer into storage, thus redueing risks at the eustomer s faetory. Stoek inventories may, however, he inereased. 

Getting to gups with manual handling pharmaceutical a abort guide for employers Health surveillance in the pharmaceutical industry (COSHHj Emergency action for burns Eive steps to risk assessment... 

Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1992 Management of Health and Safety at Work (Amendment) Regulations 1994 Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992... 

Some Jobs will require additional special training (eg manual handling, driving, slinging techniques, confried space entry and asbestos removal). 

Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (Manual Handling Regulations)... 

There is no manual handling and easy working conditions are employed. 

Manual handling shall be minimal and only where desirable. No direct discharge from one vessel or system to another shall be allowed to maintain the process in a close environment. Where containment is not possible, contaminants should be collected at the source. 

Lean operations in production and related processes companies need to be flexible and cost-efficient - this ever-true statement is especially important in the resource-intensive production processes for specialties (batch production and related manual handling). 

Some techniques are known to provide higher variability than others. The choice of an appropriate method at the outset can improve precision. For example, a volume of less than 20 mL can be measured more accurately and precisely with a syringe than with a pipette. Large volumes are amenable to precise handling but result in dilution that lowers sensitivity. The goal should be to choose a combination of sample preparation and analytical instrumentation that reduces both the number of sample preparative steps and the RSD. Automated techniques with less manual handling tend to have higher precision. 

A four- or five-person crew, using semiautomatic equipment, manually handling the bottles, can produce about 125-200 cartons of twelve bottles each per day. Production can be increased by adding a second disgorger. A fully automatic disgorging-corking line in California produces over 1500 cases per day with about four people. The capacity of this line is to be increased in the near future. 

Bottles have a special surface coating that helps to protect them during handling. For this reason, and because there is better control of secondary fermentation and less manual handling, bottle breakage in a winery is less now (below 0.1 percent) than formerly. 

EC (2004) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of Regions - on the practical implementation of the provisions of the health and safety at Work Directives 89/391 (Framework), 89/654 (Workplaces), 89/655 (Work Equipment), 89/656 (Personal Protective Equipment), 90/269 (Manual handling of Loads) and 90/270 (display Screen Equipment). COM (2004) 62 Final. Brussels. 

Today, this typical small industry of the Middle West is now in full production equipped with the latest type of forging machinery and machine tools. The upset forging is performed on a new 4-iri. Acme machine. The layout is extremely compact, with a minimum of manual handling between conveyor carriers and machines. So simple is the set-up, that only three men are actually needed to produce the forging, namely, the forging machine operator, the heater, and the inspector. Production ranges from 80 to 100 per hr. with an average of 600 to 700 for an 8-hr. shift. This rate could be stepped up about 20 per cent, but it would decrease considerably the tool and die life. 

External filters are also used to filter the fryer oils. These filters are similar in principle to the built-in filters. Operation of these filters is hazardous because of the high oil temperature and manual handling of the hot oil. Burns from the hot oil is one of the common accidents in the fast food restaurants. Figure 4 shows the schematic diagram for an external filter. 

Manual handling should be avoided where possible to reduce the risk of human error and accidents. 

---