Sodium Polyphosphate, Insoluble

Insoluble Sodium Metaphosphate, 52 Insoluble Sodium Polyphosphate, 52 Isoamyl Alcohol, 78 Isoamyl Benzoate, 78 Isoamyl Butyrate, 78 Isoamyl Phenyl Acetate, 78 Isoamyl Salicylate, 78 Isobutyl Cinnamate, 78 Isobutyl Isovalerate, 84 Isobutyraldehyde, 78 DL-Isoleucine, 30 L-Isoleucine, 31 Isopropyl Acetate, 80... 

Sodium metaphosphate CAS 10361-03-2 EINECS/ELINCS 233-782-9 Synonyms Graham s salt IMP Insoluble metaphosphate Insoluble sodium metaphosphate Kurrol s salt Maddrell s salt Metaphos Metaphosphoric acid, sodium salt Polymeric sodium metaphosphate Poly (sodium metaphosphate) Sodium metaphosphate, insoluble Sodium polyphosphates, glassy Sodium tetrapolyphosphate Empirical O3P Na... 

Sequestration forms the basis for detergent and water-treatment appHcations of polyphosphates. Sequestration of hardness ions by sodium tripolyphosphate used in detergent formulations prevents the precipitation of surfactants by the hardness ions. Sodium polyphosphate glass (SHMP) may be added to water system to prevent the formation of calcium or magnesium scales by reducing the activity of the hardness ions. However, if the ratio of cation to polyphosphate is too high at a given pH, insoluble precipitates such as may result instead of the soluble polyphosphate complexes. The... 

Sodium Metaphosphate, Insoluble, occurs as a white, crystalline powder. It is a high-molecular-weight sodium polyphosphate composed of two long metaphosphate chains (NaP03) that spiral in opposite directions about a common axis. The Na20/P205 ratio is about 1.0. It is practically insoluble in water but dissolves in mineral acids and in solutions of potassium and ammonium (but not sodium) chlorides. The pH of a 1 3 slurry in water is about 6.5. 

Sodium Metaphosphate, Insoluble, 52 Sodium Phosphate, Dibasic, 53 Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic, 54 Sodium Phosphate, Tribasic, 54 Sodium Polyphosphates, Glassy, 55 Sodium Potassium Tripolyphosphate, 56... 

EINECS 256-779-4 Grahamsches sdz Metaphosphoric acid, sodium salt Natrium polymetaphosphat Sodium metaphosphate Sodium metapolyphosphate Sodium polymetaphosphate Sodium polyphosphate. Water softener and detergent. Solid mp = 628° d n 2.181 soluble in H2O. insoluble in organic solvents LD50 (rat ori) = 6200 mgikg. PMC. 

Sodium polyphosphate is often used in a concentration of about lO-lOOppm, sometimes with added zinc salts to improve inhibition. The pH value is adjusted to 5-6 in order to minimize pitting and tubercle formation, as well as scale deposition. Polyphosphates decompose slowly into orthophosphates, which, in the presence of calcium or magnesium ions, precipitate insoluble calcium or magnesium orthophosphate, causing scale formation on the warmer parts of the system. Unlike chromates, they favor algae growth, which necessitates the addition of algaecides to the water. Corrosion inhibition with polyphosphates is less effective than that by chromates, but polyphosphates in low concentration are not toxic, and the required optimum amount of inhibitor is less than that for chromates. 

Sodium polyphosphate is used to increase the yield of pectin extracted from citrus pulp and apple pommice. It is useful in the manufacture of jams, where it improves clarity by preventing the formation of insoluble calcium and magnesium pectates. 

Insoluble forms of sodium polyphosphates are compatible with fluorides and have been used as toothpaste abrasives. Peroxy-diphosphates have also been used [7]. Some currently available fluoride-containing toothpastes also include Na5P30io in their formulations. 

Along the way we have mentioned other long-chain sodium polyphosphates. In science there is one known as Maddiell s salt. In industry this salt is called IMP, which stands for insoluble sodium metaphosphate. Like so many salts in industry it is a complete misnomer. It is not insoluble. It is a polyphosphate with a metaphosphate composition, just as the other phosphate fibers are polyphosphates with metaphosphate compositions. It is sodium and it is an extremely interesting substance, because it is completely harmless and is ever so slowly soluble. 

Scale inhibitors are used to prevent the formation of insoluble calcium salts when the drilling fluid contacts formation minerals and saline formation waters. Commonly used scale inhibitors include sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, polyacrylates, polyphosphates, and phosphonates. 

The first two components are the active surfactants, whereas the other components are added for a variety of reasons. The polyphosphate chelate Ca ions which are present (with Mg ions also) in so-called hard waters and prevents them from coagulating the anionic surfactants. Zeolite powders are often used to replace phosphate because of their nutrient properties in river systems. Sodium silicate is added as a corrosion inhibitor for washing machines and also increases the pH. The pH is maintained at about 10 by the sodium carbonate. At lower pH values the acid form of the surfactants are produced and in most cases these are either insoluble or much less soluble than the sodium salt. Sodium sulphate is added to prevent caking and ensures free-flowing powder. The cellulose acts as a protective hydrophilic sheath around dispersed dirt particles and prevents re-deposition on the fabric. Foam stabilizers (non-ionic surfactants) are sometimes added to give a... 

Potassium Polymetaphosphate occurs as a white powder. It is a straight-chain polyphosphate having a high degree of polymerization. It is insoluble in water, but is soluble in dilute solutions of sodium salts. 

Calcium sequesterers that give soluble calcium species are also growth inhibitors of insoluble salts. Sodium silicates in their polyanionic form, as well as the highly condensed polyphosphates, play this role as well. The shorter polyphosphates such as pyrophosphates and tripolyphosphate, and a fortiori the orthophosphates, fail to function as inhibitors, because in substoichiometric proportion to calcium, they forni insoluble salts that precipitate out. 

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