Innovative attributes

Wolbang CM, Fitos JL and Treeby MT. The effect of high pressure processing on nutritional value and quality attributes of Cucumis melo L. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol 9 196—200. 

In an area containing numerous very active researchers thinking about similar problems it is difficult to keep abreast of developments and to attribute innovations correctly. Therefore this author apologises in advance to any colleagues whose contributions he may have overlooked or under-rated, and for any incorrect attributions of priorities. 

Customer delight is a key requirement for consumer products. For example, the hand-feel of a fabric is an important measure of its quality. There exist many challenges to determine these quality factors in a more scientific way. However, even if only a semi-quantitative measurement can be devised, this can yield insights on how the underlying material or structural attributes control the quality factor. These insights can in turn be used to formulate innovative products. 

The positive relationship between income of those affected by a disease and the amount of research undertaken into pharmaceuticals for that disease has been empirically conhrmed in a variety of studies, including Lanjouw and MacLeod (2005) and Lichtenberg (2005a). The prevalence of a disease in some developing countries has often been attributed to poor food, water, and sanitation or access to treatment and may not reflect an absence of useful pharmaceuticals. In such cases it may be factors other than pharmaceutical innovation that need to be addressed. However, even if other solutions are possible, there may also be situations in which a pharmaceutical solution would be the most cost effective, if it were available. For example, it may... 

A problem with reward plans generally is that sponsors face an incentive to undervalue innovations as a way of opportunistically saving money. To reduce the threat of such opportunism, the Optional Reward proposal requires the total cash rewards to be fixed in advance, with the share of this reward paid to each participating innovator determined by the share of the therapeutic benefit attributable to that firm s innovations. Thus, there is no way to reduce payout of the system. 

The attractiveness of specific product categories, as discussed in the previous section, by and large defines the attractiveness of target markets as well. Besides its absolute size, the pharmaceuticals market comes first, because of its inherent elevated added value, the relatively high innovation rate, which leads to a steady demand for new products and for a manageable number of customers. The attributes for the agro fine chemicals market are similar, albeit less pronounced, specialty chemicals, in contrast, are needed by almost all industries and, therefore, virtually cannot be approached proactively. Also, the innovation rate in terms of new chemical entities is generally rather low, except in the electronic industry. 

Innovation as a process and the related research-and-development (R D) project management are considered to be two of the most complex information systems and engineering architectures due to the large number of attributes, processes, and dynamic changes projects go through during their life cycle. 

In terms of our research approach, we have followed a proven method Analyze the needs and the requirements, the demonstrated processes, and the methods and systems they try to or have to satisfy, and if you find a gap , you have found an innovation opportunity. Note that when we search for this gap, it will simultaneously appear as a missing process in our CIMpgr model or as an existing process but missing attributes as well as a requirement in our CORA model (component-oriented requirements analysis) model ... 

So we need to ask ourselves what is our ROI—not Return on Investment but Return on Iteration. What do we want to accomplish as innovators What kinds of attributes are we iterating around What is it that we are really trying to leam as we iterate to innovate Are we interested in the development of a particular structure or material or that structure or material in a certain kind of a context How do we manage the return on iterations Ultimately, the more choices you have, the more your values matter. 

In a detailed bottom-up process which involved surveys among customers, employees, management, and external opinion leaders, the core contents of the old company brands Degussa, Hills, SKW, Rohm, and Goldschmidt were analyzed. Internal and external sources turned out to connect four attributes with all five companies reliability, ability to innovate, uniqueness of products and services, and intelligent linking. 

The lower CEA efficiency can therefore be, to a large extent, attributed to more conservative assumptions, whereas the GA scheme appears to be more innovative, though potentially more complex. As designs mature, it may be found that elements of both alternatives may be used to advantage. 

A list of dimensions, or attributes, can be drawn up for the innovative scientist. These are the people who will form the greater part of the professional staff within R D. Some of these attributes have already been discussed in Section A, 1.2 for the recmitment process. 

Attribute listing M. Morgan, Creating Workforce Innovation [C-41]... 

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