Research approach

Physics and chemistry researchers approach III—V synthesis and epitaxial growth, ie, growth in perfect registry with the atoms of an underlying crystal, differently. The physics approach, known as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), is essentially the evaporation (14—16) of the elements, as illustrated in Figure 4. The chemistry approach, organometaUic chemical vapor deposition (OMCVD) (17) is exemplified by the typical chemical reaction ... 

Rebenfeld, L., The research approach to fiber composites. Proc. Annu. Ind. Fabr. Assoc. Int. Conv., 74th, 13-21. Ind. Fabr Assoc. Int., St. Paul, MN, 1986. 

Bulte, A. M. W., Westbroek, H. B., De Jong, O., Pilot, A. (2006). A research approach to designing chemistry education using authentic practices as eontexts. IntemationalJoumal of Science Education, 28(9), 1063-1086. 

Westbroek, de Jong, and Pilot (2006) reported on a Dutch research approach using authentic practices as contexts. It is notable that some of the above approaches have been adopted in a number of other countries. 

The new conceptual schemas derived in the first part of this chapter could thus be used to design context-based units by a design research approach (Van den Akker,... 

Does the action research approach taken contribute to the development and implementation of the LON approach ... 

Does the Action Research Approach Taken Contribute... 

It has to be acknowledged that the teaching process was not eqnally efficient in all participating schools, but it appeared that an action research approach did lead to a significant improvement in the teaching process in all the participating schools. This observation is supported by positive feedback from teachers and their declared willingness to continue with the implementation of the LON approach in years to come as illustrated below ... 

Exposure to other ideas, resources and opportunities broadens teachers awareness of possibilities for change and fosters a sense that alternatives are available. Teachers would make use, initially on a small scale, of classroom materials developed especially to meet the new approaches to models of the triplet relationship (see especially Tsaparlis, 2008 Tan et al., 2008 Meijer et al., 2008 Davidowitz Chittleborough, 2008 Justi et al., 2008 Treagust Chandra-segaran, 2008). This awareness of alternative resources implies either that such materials are prepared beforehand (Van Berkel, Pilot, finite, 2008) or that the teachers themselves prepare the materials by an action research approach (Ferk Savec et al., 2008). 

Steefel, C. I., D. J. DePaolo and P. C. Lichtner, 2005, Reactive transport modeling An essential tool and a new research approach for the Earth sciences. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 240, 539-558. 

Other methods employ a microplate format followed by fast HPLC. Some researchers approach the determination from a different perspective. For example, an alternative method for ionizable substances is the pSol determination based on an acid-base titration.25 26 Kinetic solubility determinations involve determining the concentration of the compound in the buffer of interest when an induced precipitate first appears. 

This chapter provides examples of the contributions of computational chemistry to such an interdisciplinary research approach. These include ... 

Synergistic studies were carried out on mixed metal carbonyl and mixtures of metal carbonyl complexes by Pakkanen and coworkers.94 95 A largely applied research approach, results are reported below in Table 23 for Fe-Ru and Fe Os carbonyl catalysts. Also tested (not shown) were Fc -Co and Fe-Rh carbonyl catalysts, Ru-Co and Ru Rh carbonyl catalysts, and Co-Rh, Co-Ir, and Rh Ir carbonyl catalysts. Typical conditions T = 100 °C Pco = 0.42-0.60 atm pyridine = 2.0-4.0 ml H20 = 0.36 ml. Note that dppe = Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2. The data shown in Table 23 are representative of the TON for their catalysts. 

Defining the Actual Research Approach to the New Drug Substance Charles G. Smith 329... 

Although the early Chemical Corps researchers approached the testing of LSD with more sophistication than their CIA predecessors, they also tended to get ahead of their own expertise. 

Another research approach used in evaluating whether CCK-4 is a valid panicogenic agent has been to compare its effects with those produced by an-... 

In terms of our research approach, we have followed a proven method Analyze the needs and the requirements, the demonstrated processes, and the methods and systems they try to or have to satisfy, and if you find a gap , you have found an innovation opportunity. Note that when we search for this gap, it will simultaneously appear as a missing process in our CIMpgr model or as an existing process but missing attributes as well as a requirement in our CORA model (component-oriented requirements analysis) model ... 

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