Inhibition of 2+ oxidation

Because the inhibition of oxidation depends on a number of different reactions as well as the physical states of the polymer and the additives, the... 

Complete inhibition of oxidation is seldom obtained in elastomers by addition of antioxidants or stabilizers. What is usually observed is an extended period of retarded oxidation in the presence of... 

Many studies have been undertaken to establish the structural criteria for the activity of polyhydroxy flavonoids in enhancing the stability of fatty acid dispersions, lipids, oils, and LDL. " As for phenolic acids, the inhibition of oxidation by flavonoids is related to the chelation of metal ions via the... 

NIKI E, SAITO T, KAWAKAMI A and KAMIYA Y (1984) Inhibition of oxidation of methyl linoleate by vitamin E and vitamin C, J Biol Chem, 259, 4177-82. 

Kurashige, M. et al., Inhibition of oxidative injury of biological membranes by astaxanthin. Physiol. Chem. Phys. Med. NMR, 22, 27, 1990. 

Virtanen AJ, Ellfolk NJ (1952) Inhibition of oxidative nitrogen fixation in ultrasonic field by volatile substances. Acta Chem Scand 6(5) 660-666... 

Frankel EN, Kanner J, German JB, Parks E and Kinsella JE. 1993. Inhibition of oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein by phenolic substances in red wine. Lancet 341 454-457. 

Zhu C, Poulsen HE and Loft S. 2000. Inhibition of oxidative DNA damage in vitro by extracts of Brussels sprouts. Free Radic Res 33(2) 187-196. 

A combined addition of a chain-breaking inhibitor and a hydroperoxide-breaking substance is widely used to induce a more efficient inhibition of oxidative processes in polyalkenes, rubbers, lubricants, and other materials [3 8]. Kennerly and Patterson [12] were the first to study the combined action of a mixture, phenol (aromatic amine) + zinc dithiophosphate, on the oxidation of mineral oil. Various phenols and aromatic amines can well serve as peroxyl radical scavengers (see Chapter 15), while arylphosphites, thiopropionic ethers, dialkylthio-propionates, zinc and nickel thiophosphates, and other compounds are used to break down hydroperoxide (see Chapter 17). Efficient inhibitory blends are usually prepared empirically, by choosing such blend compositions that induce maximal inhibitory periods [13],... 

R. L. Clough and K. T. Gillen, in Inhibition of Oxidation Processes in Organic Materials (Eds. P. Klemchuck and J. Pospicil), CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1989. 

Paul John McCarron, I thought you had some evidence from the inhibition of oxidative metabolism that this messes up the uncoupling ... 

Another method at the molecular level is the inhibition of oxidation catalysis by alkali and transition metal impurities. In particular, alkali metal oxides in traces serve as effective catalyst with almost ubiquitous presence in technological environments. The mechanism of operation is well described in the literature [64,72-77] despite its complex and multi-pathway behavior. 

For the NO studies that show inhibition of lipid peroxidation, we used HL-60 cells made more oxidizable by adding 32 pM docosahexaenoic acid (22 6q)3 ) to the growth media. When unenriched cells were examined, inhibition of oxidation was qualitatively identical, but the magnitude of the effect was less, and therefore more difficult to measure. The effect of lipid unsaturation will be developed below. 

Oxidized LDL alter cellular functions role in cell death Oxidized LDL seem to be poorly degraded by lysosomal enzymes and accumulate in lysosomes altering in turn their functionality (Dean et al., 1997). It has been proposed that inhibition of oxidized LDL degradation and subsequent lipid accumulation may induce a destabilization of the acidic compartment, and lysosomal rupture with a relocation of lysosomal enzymes in the cytosol (li W et al, 1998). This process, also called endopepsis , occurs early and could precede mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death (Lossel et al., 1994). Moreover, oxidized LDL trigger a dysfunction of the intracellular proteolytic ubiquitin/proteasome pathway (early activation followed by inhibition)... 

Lee, T. T. Inhibition of oxidative phosphor ation and respiration by ozone in tobacco mitochondria. Plant Physiol. 42 691-6%, 1%7. 

Fluoroacetate produces its toxic action by inhibiting the citric acid cycle. The fluorine-substituted acetate is metabolized to fluoroci-trate that inhibits the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. There is an accumulation of large quantities of citrate in the tissue, and the cycle is blocked. The heart and central nervous system are the most critical tissues involved in poisoning by a general inhibition of oxidative energy metabolism. ... 

Intact tobacco plants were exposed to 0.60-0.70 yl/1 ozone for 1 hr mitochondria isolated from visibly injured tissue demonstrated an inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation in conjunction with an increase in respiration (6). However, when detached tobacco leaves were fumigated with 1.0 yl/1 ozone for 1-5 hr, the mitochondria extracted from the tissue prior to s3rmptom development exhibited reduced oxygen uptake and reduced oxidative phosphorylation (7 ). In an experiment of similar design when ozone was bubbled through a solution of isolated mitochondria, both respiration and oxidative phosphorylation were reduced (7 ). 

Niclosamide is a salicylamide derivative. Its mechanism of action could be based on inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation or on its ATPase stimulating action. The scolices and segments, but not segments of the ova, are rapidly killed. Niclosamide is minimally absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and excreted, mostly unchanged, in the faeces. It is generally well tolerated with occasional gastrointestinal disturbances. Skin eruptions have been reported. 

Buko, V. et al.. Inhibition of oxidative damage of red blood cells and liver tissue by genistein-8-C-glucoside, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol, 500, 271, 2001. 

Inhibition of Oxidation. Several antioxidants were tested in chloroprene at 45°C. Those which can be classified as mainly suppressors of initiation (I), because of their ability to destroy hydroperoxides—namely, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, zince dialkyldithiocarbamates, triphenyl-phosphine, and the like—had no inhibiting effect at the 100-p.p.m. level. 

One possible problem peculiar to a quantitative study of the inhibition of oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons by zinc dialkyl dithiophos-phates is that peroxide decomposition could yield a phenol during the initial-rate measurement. Rate curves for the zinc diisopropyl dithio-phosphate-inhibited oxidation of cumene are shown in Figure 7. In the initial presence of hydroperoxide the uninhibited rate is never reached, and the reaction soon exhibits autoinhibition, presumably caused by the... 

Most of the work on the inhibition of oxidative degradation of HTPB by incorporating anti-oxidants is in the form of patents or classified reports [225-227]. The use of N-phenyl-P-naphthylamine (PBNA) has been extensively studied [226, 228] for this purpose but it is reported to be a carcinogenic material and hence banned for use as a propellant ingredient in developed countries. 

Adult worms (but not ova) are rapidly killed, presumably due to inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation or stimulation of ATPase activity. 

Tin-containing compounds have been used in agriculture for many years as both fungicides (Chapter 4) and as acaricides. Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide and several related compounds (Figure 3.20), are very active against adult spider mites and are believed to act through an inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. 

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