Industrial oils antioxidation properties

Jordm, M. J., Lax, V., Rota, M.C., Loran, S., and Sotomayor, J.A. 2013. Effect of the phenological stage on the chemical composition, and antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L essential oil and its polyphenolic extract. Industrial Crops and Products, 48, 144-152. 

Uses Surfactant emulsifier emulsion stabilizer wetting agent add acceptor pigment grinding aid and dispersant penetrant for textile and paper industries, metal cleaners coatings antifoam for antibiotic femientation antioxidant Properties Gardner 15 cl. prod. misc. with min. and veg. oils, naphtha, benzene, kerosene, CCI4, acetone, methanol, butanol, etc. m.w. 350 dens. 7.76 Ib/gal vise. 122 cP flash pt. (COC) 400 F surf. tens. 42 dynes/cm (0.001% aq.) 70% active. 

ILs have attracted considerable attention in the field of tribology because of their remarkable lubrication and antiwear capabilities compared to lubrication oils, fit recent years, ILs have been applied and yielded excellent performance compared to traditional lubricants, but they have a number of problems, such as corrosion, oxidation instability, and very poor miscibility with base oil. These factors limit their industrial applications as lubricants [2]. Fortunately, these problems are not very difficult to address, as ILs have structures that may easily be modified. Conferring ILs with special functions, such as antioxidation and anticorrosion properties and enhanced capability for specific substrates, may be easily performed by synthetic chemists. It is hoped that future work on ILs will produce multifunctional lubricants with oxidation and corrosion resistance that may be applied in the industrial scale [2, 100]. 

Sulphur/nitrogen and sulphur/phosphorus compounds Other multifunctional sulphur/nitrogen, sulphur/phosphorus-based additives have antioxidant and antiwear properties. These additives react with peroxy radicals and hydroperoxides, thus stabilising industrial lubricants and engine oils. Syntheses and generalised chemical structures are as in Reactions (4.67. 69) [64, 72, 73] ... 

Antioxidants are used to retard the reaction of organic materials with atmospheric oxygen. Such reaction can cause degradation of the mechanical, aesthetic, and electrical properties of polymers loss of flavor and development of rancidity in foods and an increase in the viscosity, acidity, and formation of insolubles in lubricants. The need for antioxidants depends upon the chemical composition of the substrate and the conditions of exposure. Relatively high concentrations of antioxidants are used to stabilize polymers such as natural mbber and polyunsaturated oils. Saturated polymers have greater oxidative stability and require relatively low concentrations of stabilizers. Specialized antioxidants which have been commercialized meet the needs of the industry by extending the useflil lives of the many substrates produced under anticipated conditions of exposure. The sales of antioxidants in the United States were approximately 730 million in 1990 (1,2). 

In 1985, ANPA came out with the first-generation soybean-oil-based lithographic news ink, comprised of alkali-refined soybean oil, hydrocarbon resin, carbon black pigment, and an antioxidant (Moynihan, 1985a). This black ink had similar printing properties to mineral-oil-based inks, but cost 30—50% more. The color inks were formulated in a similar way, had good print quality, but cost about 5—10% more than the petroleum-based commercial inks. Thus, industry continued to search for 100% vegetable-oil-based inks to replace petroleum-based inks. 

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