Recognition individual

Johnston R.E. (1998). Pheromones, the vomeronasal system and communication — from hormonal responses to individual recognition. Ann NY Acad Sci 855, 333-348. 

Johnston R.E. and Rasmussen K. (1984). Individual recognition of female hamsters by males role of chemical cues and of the olfactory and vomeronasal systems. Physiol Behav 33, 95-104. 

Buss, I.O., Rasmussen, L.E. and Smuts, G.L. (1976) The role of stress and individual recognition in the function of the African elephant s temporal gland. Mammalia 40, 437—451. 

Hurst, J.L., Payne, C.E., Nevison, C.M., Marie, A.D., Humphries, R.E., Robertson, D.H., Cavag-gioni, A. and Beynon, R.J. (2001) Individual recognition in mice mediated by major urinary proteins. Nature 414, 631-634. 

Palagi, E. and Dapporto, L. (2006) Beyond odor discrimination demonstrating individual recognition by scent in Lemur catta. Chem. Senses 31, 437 143. 

Halpin, Z.T. (1980) Individual odors and individual recognition Review and commentary. Biol. Behav. 5, 233-243... 

Johnston, R.E. (2003) Chemical communication in rodents From pheromones to individual recognition. J. Mammal. 84, 1141-1162. 

Huck, U.W. and Banks, E.M. (1979) Behavioral components of individual recognition in the collared lemming (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 6, 85-90. 

Brennan, P.A. and Kendrick, K.M. (2006) Mammalian social odours attraction and individual recognition. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 361, 2061-2078. 

Cheetham, S.A., Thom, M.D., Jury, F., Ollier, W.E.R., Beynon, RJ. and Hurst, J.L. (2007) MUPs not MHC provide a specific signal for individual recognition in wild house mice. Unpublished manuscript. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many Dow researchers have contributed their time and talents to the chemistry and analytical data presented in this manuscript. A complete list of the contributors is not practical, but a few individual recognitions... 

Saliva may also contain specific chemical information for individual recognition (Blass and Teicher, 1980) or kin recognition (Block etah, 1981 Smith and Block, 1990). The best-known example of a salivary pheromone is the mixture of androstenone and androstenol in the submaxillary glands of the boar. 

Chemical cues often have to be accompanied, preceded, or succeeded by visual, auditory, or tactile stimuli for appropriate behavior to occur. Bats, for example, use both olfactory and acoustic information for individual recognition (Kunz, 1982). 

Male red-backed salamanders Plethodon cinereus) in Petri dishes were given a choice between own feces and those of another male. They preferred their own. The same was true for washes from the cloacal glands (Simon and Madison, 1984). While this may represent discrimination of own and other, rather than true individual recognition, another experiment showed... 

Individual recognition can be important for selecting and correctly recognizing mates, reducing aggression, incest avoidance, and sexual re-arousal, in the Coolidge effect (named after an anecdote about a US President and refers to increased sexual arousal with a new mating partner) (Dewsbury, 1981). 

In the rat and other rodents, individual odors probably reflect genetic differences. Laboratory rats can distinguish individuals. They discriminate between two intact males, two castrated males, two estrous/proestrous females, two diestrous/metestrous females, or two ovariectomized females. Urine odors differ individually despite differences in the levels of gonadal hormones. Individual recognition may be independent of reproductive state or social status, even though hormone-influenced body odors may be used for individual recognition (Brown, 1988). 

The relative concentrations of constituents of the anal sac secretion in male stoats, Mustek erminea, are distinct for different individuals, but consistent over time for each individual. This possibly permits individual recognition of territory owners (Erlinge etal., 1982). The chemical composition of the anal gland of the otter, Lutra lutra (Gorman etal., 1978) and the subcaudal gland of the badger, Meles meles (Kruuk etal., 1984) also differ with the individuals. 

Bowers, J. M. and Alexander, B. K. (1967). Mice individual recognition by olfactory cues. Science 158,1208-1210. 

Gorman, M. L. (1976). A mechanism for individual recognition by odour inHerpestes auro-punctatus (Carnivora Viverridae). Animal Behaviour 14,141-145. 

Communication by mosaic signals Individual recognition and underlying neural mechanisms. In Chemical Signals in Vertebrates, vol. 10, ed. R. T. Mason, M. P. LeMaster, and D. Miiller-Scliwarze, pp. 269-282. New York Springer. 

Simon, G. S. and Madison, D. M. (1984). Individual recognition in salamanders cloacal odors. Animal Behaviour 32,1017-1020. 

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