Relbunium hypocarpium

Relbunium hypocarpium (L.) HEMSL.. Relbun. Ruivina. Chamri (local name in Chile). 

On numerous Peruvian textiles from the Paracas era, dyes from relbun roots have been identified (2, 3, 48). The Araukans, an Indian tribe in southern Chile, have been using roots of Relbunium hypocarpium even in this century for dyeing red shades on wool (50). 

A Rubia tinctorum L. B Rubia peregrina L. C Rubia cordi-folia L. D Rubia akane E Relbunium hypocarpium HEMSL. ... 

With this method, we have found that the sample of "Rose madder" contains only traces of purpurin besides of pseudopurpurin. The method is also useful for investigating madder types that contain only small amounts of purpurin (formed probably from pseudopurpurin) as well as pseudopurpurin, but no alizarin. Examples of these madder types are the South American relbun roots such as Relbunium hypocarpium (L.) HEMSL. and R. ciliatum (L.) HEMSL. and the Japanese madder roots of Rubia akane. 

Figure 1. TLC of dyes of various madder types. 1, madder (Rubia tinc-torum L.) 2, wild madder (R. peregrina L.) 3, Indian madder (R. cor-difolia L.)i 4, Japanese madder (R. akane) 5, relbun root (Relbunium hypocarpium (L.) HEMSL.) 6, lady s bedstraw (Galium verum L.) 7, alizarin 8, purpurin + pseudopurpurin (lower spot) 9, munjistin.

Relbunium hypocarpium New extraction method. Contains almost exclusively pseudopurpurin and only a small amount of purpurin. 

Morinda umbellata L. 39) Relbunium hypocarpium Hemsl, (9) Rubia oliveri L. (55)... 

Sources Relbunium hypocarpium Hemsl. 113) Rubia tinctorum L. (35)... 

Found in M. lucida, M. parvifolia, Plocama pendula, Relbunium hypocarpium, C. ledgeriana and C. pubescens. Orange needles (MeOH aq.). Mp 176-177°. 

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