Incontinence products

Super slurper has wondrous properties, and it amazed people when it was first demonstrated. For some time no one seemed to know how to exploit its potential, then in 1968 chemists came up with the idea of incorporating polyacrylates into diapers, Here was a way to keep urine away from a baby s bottom and reduce diaper rash. The Japanese, always at the forefront of high-tech innovation, ate it up. Not literally, of course, but they could have — toxicity tests showed that the material was remarkably safe. By 1984 North Americans had also discovered the advantages of superabsorbent diapers, and the product rapidly dominated the market. Soon feminine hygiene products were also incorporating the new technology, as were adult incontinence products. 

The addition of hydrogel-forming agents to incontinence products increases the fluid uptake and ensures improved retention capacity (4, 5). 

Examples include insulin syringes, blood pressure gauges, most diagnostic reagents, adult incontinent products, electric heating pads, clinical electronic thermometers, powered wheel chairs, infusion pumps, and surgical drapes. 

The world consumes in excess of 2.5 million tons of PP in nonwovens today. According to a report by Chemicals Market Resources Inc. Diapers, adult incontinence products, geotextile and carpets, are the end use applications expected to see rapid increase in demand in developing regions [19]. 

Coverstock n. A hghtweight non-woven material used to contain and conceal an underlying core material. Examples are the facing materials that cover the absorbent cores of diapers, sanitary napkins, and adult incontinence products. 

Applications of intermediate volume centre around the biopolymers as disposable films. Their good oxygen-barrier properties open up opportunities in packaging but most interest has been shown in their use as moisture barrier films or coverstock in disposable items such as diapers, sanitary napkins, incontinence products, and ostomy devices. ... 

The principal use of superabsorbent polymers is as a liquid absorbent in disposable hygiene products, which include baby diapers, feminine hygiene products, and adult incontinence products. Smaller volume uses include liquid absorbent pads for packaged meats and water-blocking tapes and coatings for electrical and telecommunication cables. 

Hygiene products baby nappies, bandages, sanitary napkins, tampons, incontinence products, cleaning waddings, cleaning wipes ... 

Studies by Smithers Apex and others indicated a compound annual growth rate in excess of 5% per annum in the range of applications in illness, including drapes, wound care, bandage, incontinence products, gowns, masks, etc. 

Nonwoven Adult Incontinence Products Rate of Acquisition and Re-Wet Test (NWSP 070.9.R1 (15)). 

Absorbent hygiene prodncts a great deal of nonwoven fabrics are used in hygiene products (ie, wipes, baby diapers, feminine hygiene products, and adult incontinence products) as functional elements (eg, topsheet, acquisition and distribution layer, liquid retention layer, backsheet) to promote daily hygiene standards and human health. 

Nonwoven Surgical gowns, caps and masks, absorbent layers, hygiene products, incontinence products, wound dressings, scaffolds, implants and antidecubitus fleece. 

Contrary to common textiles, incontinence products, such as diapers, are always used in wet state. In the diaper—skin microclimate, the absorption and transportation of urine through and across the diapers are simultaneously accompanied with the heat and moisture transfer, which are a key warm—cool mechanism related to the comfort perception (Meng, 2011). Increased skin wetness and pH are associated with diaper dermatitis, and the degree of skin wetness is proportional to diaper wetness. 

AIPs are designated according to the severity of the incontinence problem to be managed as light, moderate, or heavy/double incontinence. Average incontinence product composition, according to ED ANA, is 62% of fluff pulp, 12% SAP, 10% PE film, 15% nonwoven PP, 3% adhesives, and 1% elastics. 

Basic processes in the manufacture of incontinence products are the fiberization of fluff pulp, addition of SAP and absorbent core formation lamination with fills, nonwoven substrates, elastic elements, and tapes printing of wetness indicator and traceability markings and shaping, cutting, folding, and packaging. 

Spunbond — top sheet and back sheet in adult diapers and light incontinence products. 

PEG-treated fabric may be useful in medical and hygiene applications where both liquid transport and antibacterial properties are desirable, such as surgical gauze, nappies and incontinence products. Heat-storage and thermo-regulated textiles can keep the skin temperature within the comfort range, so they can be used as a bandage and for burn and heat/cool therapy. 

In general two types of adhesives are used for the manufacture of baby diapers, feminine-hygiene, and incontinence products. For simple construction purposes, hot-melt adhesives based on amorphous poly(alpha-olefins) (APAOs) are used. High-quality constructions are produced with adhesives based on styrenic block copolymers. For bonding of elastic materials such as polyurethane foam, lycra and natural rubber strands, and hydrophilic and hydrophobic of nonwovens, pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) based on styrenic block copolymers are used. Hot-melt adhesives are the most common types of adhesive. The most widely used synthetic block copolymers are styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), and styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene (SEES) with different styrene contents. 

The largest use of SAPs, however, is in disposable personal hygiene products. These products include, in the order of volume of superabsorbent materials used, diapers, training pants, adult incontinence products and feminine hygiene products. 

SAPs and fluff cellulose pulp are usually mixed uniformly in diapers and incontinence products. This mixture of fluff and superabsorbents is formed in absorbent structures called absorbent cores. Unfortunately, physiological fluids are excreted and absorbed over only a small area of these absorbent cores. The superabsorbent performance of these absorbent cores is therefore not optimal. 

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