In focus

Through the use of sequential electric (electrostatic) and magnetic fields (sectors) and various correcting lenses, the ion beam leaving the ion source can be adjusted so that it arrives at the collector in focus and with a rectangular cross-section aligned with the collector slits. For the use of crossed electromagnetic fields. Chapter 25 ( Quadrupole Ion Optics ) should be consulted. 

Video-Enhanced Contrast. This technique is more expensive but much more effective than any other contrast-enhancing technique (15). Since the 1970s, the development of video processing of microscopical images has resulted in electronic control of contrast. As Shinya InouH, author of a classic text in the field, states "We can now see objects that are far too thin to be resolved, and extract clear images from scenes that appeared too fuzzy, too pale, or too dim, or that appeared to be nothing but noise" (16). The depth of the in-focus field can now be expanded or confined, very thin but very sharp optical sections can be produced, and a vertical succession of these images can be accumulated to reconstmct thicker stmctures in three dimensions (16). 

There are also laser-scanning confocal microscopes rapidly overtaking the TSM as a means of confocal microscopy. There is also a computer software program that produces a "confocal" image by recogni2ing the shapes of out-of-focus detail, ie, halos, and subtracting these from the in-focus image. 

D. V. Boger and K. Walters, theological Phenomena in Focus, Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 1993. 

Shorter status reports that are required with greater frequency tend to be more effective than longer, less frequent reports in helping to maintain continuing momentum. The need to show progress (for example) every month tends to keep PSM installation in focus, while a quarterly submission would permit more sporadic attention to PSM installation. 

The grouping of solvents into classes with common characteristics can be useful in focusing attention on features that may play a role in experimental solvent effects. Reichardt s - review of classification schemes is thorough. 

In many cases, a refiner decides to revamp a cat cracker and employ a new technology without first identifying the unit s mechanical and process limitations. Sometimes money is spent to relieve a constraint and the unit hits another constraint almost immediately. Failure to perform a proper constraint analysis of the existing operation can result in focusing on the wrong issues for the revamp. In addition, the revamp goals must match the refinery s overall objectives. 

Perrin BJ, Huttenlocher A (2002) Molecules in focus calpain. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 34 722-725... 

Booer D. V. and Walters K. Rheological Phenomena in Focus (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1993). 

For further discussion and for calibration purposes we will have to define a reference solution reaction which would be sufficiently related to the given enzymatic reaction. This will help us in removing the problems associated with concentration effect and in focusing on the actual catalytic advantage of the enzyme. To do this we describe the reference reaction in solution as... 

Therefore we increasingly take the view that rather than fully simulating the business context, which may seem like a black box approach, it is better to have decision makers interact with more selective simulations. These help develop their intuitions and hone their judgment and reasoning ability in focused areas, especially in the area of probability, applied statistics, and decision theory, which is nonintuitive without such practice. 

Scotton CJ, Chambers RC (2007) Molecular targets in pulmonary fibrosis the myofibroblast in focus. Chest 132 1311-1321... 

Historically, risk reduction strategies have been focused on the exposure side of the risk equation and in many cases have been very successful. However, there are inherent flaws in focusing primarily on controlling exposure that will be identified here. 

Our inventory also showed that funding levels for materials vary widely across differing materials classes. R D on advanced metals received 13% (the largest fraction in 1992), composites were 11%, electronic materials were 10%, and biomaterials were also 10%. The FCCSET process proved enormously successful in focusing the federal program on materials research. 

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