Impregnated concrete

Sadegzadeh, M. and Kettle, R. J., Abrasion resistance of polymer impregnated concrete. Concrete, 32-34, May (1987). 

Polymerization of monomer-impregnated concrete was initially carried out with 60Co gamma radiation. A principal advantage of using radiation is that free radical chain reactions can be induced at ambient temperature. This limits vaporization loss and may produce a better concrete-polymer bond. The disadvantages are the dose requirements and the relatively high initial investment required for the radiation source and facility. 

Normal Temperature. Wherever possible, standard test procedures were used in performing strength and durability measurements (3, 5). A summary of the properties for methyl methacrylate impregnated concrete is given in Table III. 

Methyl methacrylate impregnated concrete-polymer specimens subjected to creep tests exhibited expansion under sustained load (negative creep), in contrast to contraction in length (positive creep) shown by ordinary concrete. If confirmed, this property could influence significantly the design of concrete-polymer structural and prefabricated members. 

Strength and Elastic Modulus of Polymer Impregnated Concrete, Cem. Concr. Res. (1971) 1, 631-644. 

Farrell, D. M., Examination of Sulphur-Impregnated Concrete by Infrared... 

Polymer-impregnated concrete. 2. Polymer-impregnated mortar. 

The mechanical properties, the corrosion stability, and some useful properties are the reasons for the continuous interest shown in polymer-concrete composites by various design, research, and production organizations. The most important types of polymer-concrete composites are polymer-impregnated concrete (PIC), polymer-cement concrete (PCC), and polymer concrete (PC). 

Keywords Concrete-polymer composites. Polymer-modified concrete. Polymer concrete. Polymer-impregnated concrete. Principles of process technology. Research and development. Standardization work. Sustainable concrete-polymer composites. History, The recent and future trends. 

S. Mindess The fracture of fiber reinforced and polymer impregnated concrete A review, in Fracture Mechanics of Concrete, Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam (1983), pp.481-501. 

Y. Ohama, H. Iwasaki, T. Nakajima, T. Katow, S. Kashimura, S. Tachibana and M. Kimura Design of pol5mier-impregnated concrete plant for mass production, in Proceedings of the 1st International Congress on Polymer Concretes, The Construction Press, Lancaster (1976), pp.300-305. 

Polymers. The purpose of adding polymers to the concrete matrix is to improve the characteristics of the fresh concrete (such as workability) and also to enhance the hardened properties such as flexural strength, modulus of elasticity and adhesive performance [8]. The incorporation of polymers into concrete may be in the form of polymer modified concrete (PMC), polymer impregnated concrete (PIC) or as polymer concrete (PC) [9], For this project, the objective was to develop an ultra-lightweight concrete material using Portland cement as the main binder modified with a suitable polymer - thus a PMC application. The polymer modifiers selected for the development of the ultra-lightweight thin filmed material were a commercially available SBR latex as well as a readily available acrylic polymer. 

The technology of concrete impregnation with organic polymers is the most commonly known [173]. The sulphur impregnated concrete was also studied, however, the durability of this material was poor, because of the instability of sulphur in the highly basic cement matrix. 

The technology of concrete soaking with monomeric substance and subsequent m situ" polymerization is relatively new. According to Worn [171], it was initiated by Steinberg in 1968. Beside of the polymer impregnated concretes, there are also the polymer concretes (resin concretes) without cement and the polymer-eement concretes in the latter case cement is mixed with monomer and water to produce the concrete mixture . This question will be discussed in Chap. 10. 

Fig. 9.34 Comparison of mechanical properties of normal concrete and polymer impregnated concrete (according to [171]) 1 normal concrete, 2 soaked with methyl metacrylate, 3 soaked with ethyloacrylonitryl. The coefficients illustrating the strength increase and the elasticity increase due to impregnation are scaled on the axis of ordinates...

Uses Binder for nonyellowing masonry paints, impregnations, concrete coatings, syn. resin plasters, road marldng paints, aerosol paints Properties Beads sol. in most paint soivs., esters, ketones, aromatics, glycol ether acetates, some alcohols, wh. spirit (min. 18% aromatics) dens. 1.06 g/cm ... 

Impregnated concrete specimens, simultaneously with check specimens, were immersed in 10% NaCl solution for 5 days. Dry, wet, and water-saturated specimens were impregnated to a depth of 3 mm. After testing, the specimens were split, and AgNOs solution... 

This model is analogous to the porosity model for polymer-impregnated concrete discussed in Section 11.3.3.5. 

In this type of system, a matrix with a more or less continuous pore system is filled with a second component. The pore system is, however, fixed during the formation of the matrix itself. Thus one might expect some differences between polymer-impregnated concretes and the latex-modified concretes discussed above for example, the latter are inherently more porous because porosity will always develop during curing, regardless of the presence of polymer. In both cases, however, the cement and polymer phases appear to form continuous and intertwined networks. 

Property Concrete control specimen Polymer- impregnated concrete "... 

Figure 11.13. Polymer-impregnated concrete compressive stress-strain curves as a function of polymer composition (hydraulic tester) KSI = psi X 10". MMA and BA refer to methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate, respectively. (Manson et al, 1973.)...

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