Immunofluorescence assay

Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) 3-6 weeks Plasma Simple to perform, but requires expertise to interpret results... 

Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) A laboratory test used to detect antibodies in serum or other body fluid. The specific antibodies are labeled with a compound that will make them glow a fluorescent green color when observed microscopically under ultraviolet light. 

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) Immunofluorescence assays (IFAs) Immunomagnetic separation... 

Kuczynska E., Boyer D.G., Shelton D.R., Comparison of immunofluorescence assay and immunomagnetic electrochemiluminescence in detection of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in karst water samples, J. Microbiol. Meth. 2003 53 17-26. 

Positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays are repeated in duplicate and if one or both tests are reactive, a confirmatory test is performed for final diagnosis. Western blot assay is the most commonly used confirmatory test, although an indirect immunofluorescence assay is available. 

Data are expressed as percentages of users for each assay. Abbreviations ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay EIA, electroimmunoassay RIA, radioimmunoassay TIA, turbidimetric immunoassay. Delfia, time resolved immunofluorescence assay. 

The immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for HIV antibody is less technically demanding and expensive than WB and is used by many laboratories for detecting antibodies for a wide variety of bacterial and viral antigens. 

Although the immunofluorescence assay is a relatively simple procedure, interpretation is subjective and requires experience. The laboratory must also have the ability to grow HIV in cell culture. 

Shamir R, Eliakim R, Lahat N, Sobel E, Lemer A. ELISA of anti-endomysial antibodies in the diagnosis of celiac disease Comparison with immunofluorescence assay of anti-endomysial antibodies and tissue transglutaminase antibodies. Isr Med Assoc J 2002 4 594-596. 

PBS is also commonly used as a wash buffer for IHC. PBS s advantages are reduced auto fluorescence in immunofluorescent assays, and it is relatively inexpensive compared to Tris-based buffers. However, in some cases PBS can cause higher levels of nonspecific staining, and it has been observed to reduce the specific binding abilities of certain monoclonal antibodies (Anti-CD30, for example). 

The causative agent in Lyme disease is a spirochetal bacterium (Borrelia burgdorferi) that is transmitted directly through the bite of a deer tick. Optic neittopathy can occur due to Lyme disease and manifests as papillitis, retrobulbar neuropathy, or ischemic optic neiu-opathy. Serologic testing may help to identify Lyme infection by use of indirect immunofluorescent assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The treatment of Lyme disease includes oral or intravenous peniciUin, doxycycUne, erythromycin, or ceftriaxone. 

Lyme disease ELISA for Lyme immunofluorescent assay Internist, rheumatologist ... 

Ward, B. B., and Perry, M. J. (1980). Immunofluorescent assay for the marine ammonium-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosococcus oceanus. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 39, 913-918. 

Take small alicluots of cells to prepare cell smears on the slide for detection of viral antigens. Air-dry the cells, fix the cells in cold acetone for 10 min, air-dry, and then perform indirect immunofluorescent assay (see Appendix 1). 

The washed cells are ready to process for immunofluorescent assay and determination of EBV genome copy numbers as described (see Appendices 1 and 4). 

Haas GG Jr, D Cruz OJ, DeBault LE. Comparison of the indirect immunobead, radiolabeled, and immunofluorescence assays for immunoglobulin G serum antibodies to human sperm. Fertil Steril 1991 55 377-88. 

In the absence of an unambiguous history of ricin exposure, the preferred diagnostic method is specific immunoassay of ricin in serum, respiratory secretions, or other clinical samples associated with poisoning. Most of the methods described for ricin detection are experimental or are under development. The CDC and the Federal Laboratory Response Network have the capability to detect ricin in environmental specimens using validated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests and time-resolved immunofluorescence assays, with cell-based bioassays to confirm ricin activity. The U.S. Department of Defense has produced experimental field immunoassays, but commercial distribution of field test kits currently is limited. 

Leiby, D.A. et al. Serologic Testing for Trypanosoma cruzi Comparison of radioimmunoprecipitation assay with commercially available indirect immunofluorescence assay. Indirect hemagglutination assay, and enzyme-Linked immunosorbent assay kits. J Clin Microbiol 2000 38 639-42. 

Screen hybridoma supernatants by immunofluorescence assay with infected erythrocytes (see Note 16). 

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) marks another challenge in immune research. In Austria, an indirect AIDS-immunofluorescence assay has been developed by Waldheim Pharmaceutical Co. It has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration since 1992 and is mainly recommended as a confirmatory test. 

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