Immunoassay simultaneous multianalyte

Ronald A and Stimson WH (1998) The evolution of immunoassay technology. Parasitology 117(Supplement) S13-S27. Wiese R, Belosludtsev Y, Powdrill T, Thompson P, and Hogan M (2001) Simultaneous multianalyte ELISA performed on a microarray platform. Clinical Chemistry 47 1451-1457. 

Fahrication of sensors and sensor arrays is in a state of rapid development. The groups led by Kuhr [225, 226] and Heineman [227, 228] have made significant advances in microfabrication of sensor arrays for simultaneous multianalyte amperometric assays and sensors both have applied their arrays to immunoassays [226, 227]. Further research efforts toward controlled-release microchip fabrication [229] and nanoscale chemical sensors [230] have also shown promise and will aid in the development of sensors and sensing arrays for in vitro and in vivo measurements. 

Ding, Y., L. Zhou, H.B. Halsall, and W.R. Heineman. 1998. Feasibility studies of simultaneous multianalyte amperometric immunoassay based on spatial resolution. 7. Pharm. Biomed. 19 153-161. 

Song, Z., R. Yuan, Y. Chai et al. 2010. Horseradish peroxidase-functionalized Pt hollow nanospheres and multiple redox probes as trace labels for a sensitive simultaneous multianalyte electrochemical immunoassay. Chem. Commun. 6750-2675. 

Figure 12.3 Scheme of multianalyte immunoassay. Four analytes (A, B, C, and D) can be detected simultaneously in a sandwich assay format in a single well of a microtiter plate. Antibodies against all four analytes are adsorbed on the wells of the plate, exposed to a mix of all four analytes, and analytes are detected by anti-toxin antibodies conjugated to various QDs. (See color insert.)... 

An exciting possibility of heterogeneous immunoassay with ASV detection is its extension to multianalyte detection using multiple metal labels. This concept was successfully applied by Hayes and coworkers in the simultaneous detection of HSA and human IgG in perhaps what is the first multianalyte ECI [74]. Because ASV is an extremely sensitive method that can detect up to about six metals simultaneously, it... 

Wutz et al. (2011) developed for the first time a multianalyte immunoassay based on an automated flow-through CL microarray technique for identification and quantification of antibiotic derivatives in honey samples using regenerable antigen microarrays, an indirect competitive immunoassay format using horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled antibodies and CL read-out with a CCD camera. The method allows the analysis of four analytes (enrofloxacin, sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, and streptomycin) simultaneously in 8 min with adequate recoveries and without purification or extraction. Due to the regenerability of the microarray each chip could be individually calibrated before the analysis and allowed more than 40 assays, which reduces the costs per analysis and permits an automated work flow in routine laboratories. 

Wutz, K., R. Niessner, and M. Seidel, 2011. Simultaneous determination of four different antibiotic residues in honey by chemiluminescence multianalyte chip immunoassays. Microchim. Acta 173 1-9. 

An eight-element array consisting of iridium oxide working electrodes, an iridium counter and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode has been used for amperometric multianalyte sandwich immunoassay with an enzyme label on the second antibody [49]. Each planar array element, patterned on a glass substrate, has an area of 0.78 mm. Simultaneous detection of four model analytes (goat, mouse, human, and chicken antibodies) occurred without amperometric crosstalk between adjacent elements, with 3 ng/mL detection limits. 

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