Illinois fuel oils from

PROPERTIES OP FUEL OILS FROM HYDROTREATING ILLINOIS H-COAL, WYODAK H-COAL, AND SRC-II SYNCRUDES... 

The plant will process 27,836 TPSD of Illinois No. 6 high sulfur bituminous coal containing 4.45 wt% sulfur on an as recieved basis. The output of fuel products form the plant is 15,531 BPSD of naphtha and 51,325 BPSD of syncrude. 1,178 tons per day of elemental sulfur is produced. This represents 95 wt% of the total input sulfur in the feedstock coal. Most of the remaining sulfur is still present in the liquid synthetic crude oil. From the available data for this proposed plant, the output of elemental sulfur is calculated to be 0.0176 tons per product barrel. Since a high sulfur coal was used this represents a high sulfur production case as it is likely that direct liquefaction facilities will use high sulfur Eastern bituminous coals as feedstock. 

Seven fuels were burned in these initial tests two petroleum fuels, one regular sulfur fuel oil (RSFO) and a low sulfur fuel oil (LSFO), and five EDS fuel oils. The EDS fuel oils were blended from components produced in the one ton per day pilot unit at the Exxon Research and Engineering site in Baytown, Texas. Products from the liquefaction of two coals, a bituminous Illinois coal from the Monterey No. 6 mine, and a sub-bituminous Wyoming coal from the Wyodak mine, were tested. Fuel oil blends were made with products from each of the coals, with and without coker liquids, to produce four of the EDS fuels. The fuel oil derived from Illinois coal containing coker liquids was blended... 

The characteristics of the test fuels are shown in Table III. Comparing the 35 wt. % VGO/65 wt. % solvent blend to the Illinois 350-1000°F fuel oil derived from the one ton per day pilot plant (Table I) indicates these fuels were similar. The PNA level in the ECLP fuel oil does appear to be lower than that of the blend tested in the laboratory boiler. The concentration of PNA in the EDS fuel oils is still, however, 15 to 30 times greater than the RSFO. 

Since late 2007, the Energy Biosciences Institute in Berkeley has been the center for cooperation between scientists from the University of California and the Agricultural Department of the University of Illinois for the production of fuels from so-called energy crops like switch grass. In this second-generation biofuel project that is financed over a 10-year period with 500 million by oil company BP, biomass is converted with the help of synthetic catalysts, for example, organometallic compounds, in a special solvent medium, better known as ionic liquids, into hydrocarbons with properties close to automotive fuels. 

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