Ileus, surgery

Other complications may include gastroesophageal reflux, dysmotility, intussusception, volvulus, atresia, rectal prolapse, and complications related to corrective surgery for meconium ileus.6... 

IR concentrated oral solution and tablets/suppositories - Respiratory insufficiency or depression severe CNS depression attack of bronchial asthma heart failure secondary to chronic lung disease cardiac arrhythmias increased intracranial or CSF pressure head injuries brain tumor acute alcoholism delirium tremens convulsive disorders after biliary tract surgery suspected surgical abdomen surgical anastomosis concomitantly with MAOIs or within 14 days of such treatment paralytic ileus. 

Peristalsis Ondansetron does not stimulate gastric or intestinal peristalsis. Do not use instead of nasogastric suction. Use in abdominal surgery may mask a progressive ileus or gastric distension. 

Anticholinesterase agents can be employed in the treatment of adynamic ileus and atony of the urinary bladder, both of which may result from surgery. Neostigmine is most commonly used, and it can be administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly in these conditions. Cholinesterase inhibitors are, of course, contraindicated if mechanical obstruction of the intestine or urinary tract is known to be present. 

History of recurrent bowel obstruction, meconium ileus, Crohn s disease, short bowel syndrome or prior intestinal surgery... 

In 139 consecutive patients who underwent major gynecological surgery and in whom 32% dextran 70 had been used as an anti-adhesion adjuvant (the mean amount of dextran used was 183 ml), there was an acceptably low rate of complications (34). Adverse effects involved 11 patients and included postoperative ileus (2.9%), pleural effusion (2.2%), allergic reactions (1.4%), wound infection (1.4%), and labial sweUing (0.7%). There was no evidence of an increased infection rate. 

Dart A J, Peauroi J R, Hodgson D R et al 1996 Efficacy of metoclopramide for treatment of ileus in horses following small intestinal surgery 70 cases (1989-1992). Australian Veterinary Journal 74 280-284 Daurio C R Holste J E, Andrews F M et al 1999 Effect of omeprazole paste on gastric acid secretion in horses. Equine Veterinary Journal Supplement 29 59-62 de Boer R E, Brouwer F, Zaagsma J 1993 The beta... 

Cathartics are contraindicated if there is volume depletion, hypotension, significant electrolyte imbalance, corrosive ingestion, ileus, recent bowel surgery. 

Figure 20). Therefore, because of its pronounced anticholinergic and potential arrhythmogenic effects, amitriptyline is contraindicated in the acute recovery phase of myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, angina, prostatic hypertrophy, paralytic ileus, and urinary retention, and in patients undergoing surgery with general anesthetics that may cause arrhythmias (e.g., halothane) (see Table 16).

Parenteral nutrition formulations provide nutritive support for patients who are not able, not allowed or not willing to eat for a critical period of time. Indications for parenteral nutrition include pre- and postoperative periods of major surgery or trauma, severe obstruction of the gut (e.g. by tumours), severe motility disorders (e.g. ileus), severely impaired absorption capacity (e.g. short bowel syndrome, mucositis in stem cell transplantation patients). Parenteral... 

In selected cases stents may also be used for preoperative decompression of obstruction in acute diverticulitis (Baron et al. 1998 Binkert et al. 1998 Knopfle et al. 1998 Camunez et al. 2000 Tamim et al. 2000). The goal is to relieve the patient immediately from symptomatic ileus and to treat the inflammation with antibiotics prior to surgery. Since it is often difficult to distinguish diverticulitis from a malignant tumour as the cause of obstruction even on endoscopy, preoperative stenting should be performed anyway to allow cleansing prior to resection. 

Alvimopan is indicated to prevent post operative ileus by accelerating the time to upper and lower gastrointestinal recovery following partial large or small bowel resection surgery with primary anastomosis (1>21. 

Administration of alvimopan to patients receiving more than three doses of an opioid a week prior to surgery was not studied in the post operative ileus clinical trials and should be closely monitored. 

The process of postoperative ileus is one involving both mechanical and autonomic nerve-mediated processes. Even though the surgery barely affected the intestines, there was a need to physi-... 

The common intervention is to try to decompress the buildup of gas while awaiting the return of the patient s own inherent functions. This does not always happen spontaneously and approximately 7% to 8% of patients undergoing abdominal surgery can be expected to have a postoperative ileus. Hermaim (1963) performed a study in which the subjects were assigned for treatment with osteopathic manipulation after surgery. Of the 317 patients who were treated, only one had a postoperative ileus (0.3%). The next 92 patients went untreated and seven of them had ileus. The seven were treated and only one case remained unresolved and required other interventions. The treatment, paravertebral inhibition, was similar to what was applied in this case. 

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