Iceland lichen

Synonyms Scandinavian moss Iceland lichen Ichthammol... 

Cladosporium sphaerospermum (Gomes et al. 2002). In addition, MIC values obtained from monoaromatic phenols (methyl beta-orsellinate and methyl and ethyl orsellinates) derived from various Icelandic lichen species were found equal or higher than usual preservatives (methyl- and propyl-p-hydroxybenzoates, o-... 

In another related study, investigation of some Icelandic lichens resulted in the identification of two compounds possessing antiviral activities against three vimses respiratory syncytial vims (RSV), herpes vims 1, and herpes vims 2. Activity against herpes vimses 1 and 2 was less potent than activity against RSV. The... 

Odabasoglu F, Aslan A, Cakir A et al (2004) Comparison of antioxidant activity and phenolic content of three lichen species. Phytother Res 18 938-941 Omarsdottir S, Oladottir AK, Amadottir T et al (2006) Antiviral compounds from Icelandic lichens. Planta Med 72 - S 009... 

Percival also applied himself to the study of the polysaccharides from lichens, as, for example, the complex product of alkaline extraction of Iceland moss (Cetraria islandica). As a result of this work, he concluded that the polysaccharide consists of S-D-glucose residues united by various linkages 1,2, 1,3, 1,4, and 1,6, and includes also terminal D-galacto- and D-gluco-pyranose end groups. It was not possible to decide whether these linkages all occur in one polysaccharide. ... 

Iceland moss, cereal grains Aspergillus niger, Iceland moss Lichens... 

Another traditional medicine from Iceland, a lichen (Cetaria islandica), is used to treat gastrointestinal ailments and has also been shown to have anti-HP activity [88]. Protolichesterinic acid. Fig. 8, an aliphatic a-methylene-y-lactone, was... 

Lichen. Iceland moss. Lichen Islandicus. Planta. The plant. 

Hamamelidis folium Harpagophyti radix Hippocastani semen Horse-Chestnut Seed Iceland Moss Ispaghula Husk Juniper Berries Lichen islandicus Linseed... 

ICELAND MOSS, Lichen islandicus consists of the dried thallus of Cetraria islandica (L.) Acharius sensu latiore, family Parmeliaceae. Characteristic constituents include bitter-tasting lichen acids usnic acid gives the bitter-taste and has antibacterial effects. It also contains polysaccharides, which form a mucilage Lichenin, a linear cellulose-like polymer of D-glucose, is soluble in hot water, and on cooling it forms a gel. The other polysaccharide is isolichenin, a linear starch-like polymer of D-glucose, soluble in cold water. 

In the form of decoctions Iceland moss is used to treat dry coughs. Here the antibiotic and bacteriostatic lichen acids may be of significance. A further indication is lack of appetite and gastro-enteritis. 

ICELAND MOSS Iceland moss consists of the dried thallus of Cetmria islandica, L., Acharius, family Parmdinceae. Iceland moss is odourless, with a taste both mucilaginous and distinctly bitter. It is supplied as pieces of lichen branches and collected from the wild in subarctic or mountainous regions of Europe and obtained mainly from Scandinavian and Balkan countries, Russia and also Canada. 

Litmus is a dye found in certain lichens. The name is of Scandinavian origin, e.g. lit (color) + mosi (moss) in Icelandic. 2It would clearly have been better if the name hydrogen, which means water former , had been assigned to O, which describes this element as much as it does hydrogen. The oxy- prefix comes from the Greek word o vg, sour . 

Iceberg , Icecap K. See Aluminum silicate Iceland moss (Cetraria islandicus) extract CAS 84776-25-0 EINECS/ELINCS 283-950-0 Synonyms Cetraria islandica extract Cetraria islandicus Iceland moss extract Lichen islandicus extract... 

Lichenic acid. See Fumaric acid Lichen islandicus extract Lichensa Ml. See Iceland moss (Cetraria islandicus) extract Lichen (Usnea barbata) extract CAS 84696-53-7 EINECS/ELINCS 283-658-3 Synonyms Lichen extract Usnea barbata ... 

Iceland moss i-slon(d)-, - slan(d)- (1805) n. Lichen grown in Iceland, Norway and Sweden, which yields a mucilaginous... 

C,2H220,i 342.299 Constit. of the lichen polysaccharide in Cetraria islandica (iceland moss), Ramalina usnea and in the seed galacto-mannan of Cassia marylandica. 

In solution analysis, the use of MC-ICP-MS has allowed the precision to be significantly increased, as discussed in previous sections. This has been also demonstrated in this particular context for the analysis of lichens, used as biotracers for mapping the dispersion of atmospheric pollutants in urban areas [77], and for monitoring the evolution of sources of anthropogenic Pb in Iceland, after analysis of a sediment monoUth [78]. However, in addition, the major advantage of this technique is that it opens doors for measuring other isotopic systems that are also of environmental interest. 

Cetraria islandica Iceland Moss Endangered species. Lichen acids (usnic acid)... 

This is a lichen, Cetraria islandica, which grows in all northern countries. Iceland, Norway, and Sweden export Iceland moss. When it is boiled with water it forms a jelly after cooling. Iceland moss is used like other gums—for foods, cosmetics, and textile sizing. The gum of Iceland moss is a polysaccharide containing uronic acid, galactose, mannose, and glucose. 

The explanation of the chemistry of lichens was begun by Pfaff (1826), when he found eine eigentumliche Saure from Iceland moss (Cetraria islan-dica). Pfaff s finding, evidently fumarprotocetraric acid (Hesse, 1904), was the beginning of the rapidly expanding field of lichen chemistry. Usnic acid was discovered in 1844 by Knop. The largest number of lichen substances has been isolated by Hesse (1861-1905) and Zopf (1907), and as a result of their investigations they totaled nearly 150 in number by 1907. Of this total, the structure of only a few had been studied several of them later proved to be mutually identical or else impure. 

The amount of lichen substances contained in the different species varies greatly. From Parmelia tinctorum, 23.5% of lecanoric acid alone was obtained from Lepraria chlorina, 10.5% of vulpinic acid from Alectoriaochro-leuca, 5.5% of usnic acid (Zopf, 1907), whereas the content of the protoli-chesterinic acids in Iceland moss amounts to only a few promilles. The normal amount is possibly around 1%. 

Czeczuga B, Kristinsson H (1992) Investigations on Carotenoids in Lichens XXXllI. Carotenoids in Lichens from Heathland in Iceland. Acta Bot Islandica 11 3... 

The lichen Cetraria islandica (Iceland moss) contains the structural polysaccharide lichenan, which is insoluble in cold water, and the related water-soluble polysaccharide isolichenan. Periodate oxidation and methylation studies indicate that lichenan is a linear glucan containing both / -D-(i - 3) and /S-D-(i 4) linkages in a ratio approximately 2 5, while isolichenan is similarly constituted but with the linkages in the ratio 3 2. Isolichenan has a TTP of 42-44. 

F. forms monoclinic, prismatic needles and is found as a metabolite in Iceland moss, fungi, lichens and some plants, e. g., Fumaria officinalis. 

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