Hydrogeneated acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers

FIGURE 13.2 Calculated relation between the solubility parameter and glass transition temperature (Jg) for a variety of ethylene-propylene copolymers (EPMs) grafted with polar monomers the window for rubbers with an oil resistance similar to or better than hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (NBR) (20 wt% acrylonitrile) is also shown. 

The peak intensity of the unsaturated hydrocarbon Cy-MN(A) i.e., CH2 = CH(CH2)4 - C = N obtained by Py-GC provided a practical calibration curve applicable to ever highly hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers. 

Rhodium- and cobalt-catalyzed hydrogenation of butadiene and 1-hexene [47, 48] and the Ru-catalyzed hydrogenation of aromatic compounds [49] and acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers [50] have also been reported to be successful in ionic liquids. 

Bhattacharjee et al. [11] have calculated the thermodynamic parameters for hydrogenation of acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer. 

To simulate the effects of reaction kinetics, mass transfer, and flow pattern on homogeneously catalyzed gas-liquid reactions, a bubble column model is described [29, 30], Numerical solutions for the description of mass transfer accompanied by single or parallel reversible chemical reactions are known [31]. Engineering aspects of dispersion, mass transfer, and chemical reaction in multiphase contactors [32], and detailed analyses of the reaction kinetics of some new homogeneously catalyzed reactions have been recently presented, for instance, for polybutadiene functionalization by hydroformylation in the liquid phase [33], car-bonylation of 1,4-butanediol diacetate [34] and hydrogenation of cw-1,4-polybutadiene and acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers, respectively [10], which can be used to develop design equations for different reactors. 

Transition metal catalyzed hydrogenation in ionic liquids has also been applied to the hydrogenation of polymers. First studies were presented by Dupont s group which investigated the hydrogenation of acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers [102]. These early studies were later expanded by Rosso and coworkers studying the rhodium catalyzed hydrogenation of polybutadiene (PBD), nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in a [BMIM][BF4]/toluene and a... 

In 1893, the French chemist Moreau described two routes for the synthesis of acrylonitrile that were based on the dehydration of either acrylamide or ethylene cyanohydrin [10]. There was very little interest in acrylonitrile until 1937 when synthetic rubber based on acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers was first developed in Germany. A process based on the addition of hydrogen cyanide to acetylene was developed at that time and in the 1950s, the acrylic fiber industry provided the stimulus for further process developments. Today acrylonitrile is made commercially by one of three possible methods (a) from propylene, (b) from acetylene and hydrogen cyanide, and (c) from acetaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide. 

The modified fillers were used in two matrices with different polarity the ethylene-propylene copolymer EPM and hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber HNBR. Elastomers were crosslinked with dicumyl peroxide DCP. The influence of the variously modified fillers on the cross-linking density of the vulcanizates, rheometric and mechanical properties of filled systems were investigated. The ageing studies (thermal, atmospheric and under UV radiations) were conducted. 

The butadiene 55%)-acrylamidoxime(45%) terpolymer was prepared by reacting 2.00g butadiene 55%)-acrylonitrile(45%) copolymer in 50 ml tetrahydrofuran with 2.92g hydroxyl amine hydrogen chloride (freed... 

Nitrile 10 D. See Decane nitrile Nitrile 12. See Lauryl nitrile Nitrile BG. See Tallow nitrile Nitrile/butadiene rubber. See Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer Nitrile C4. See Butyronitrile Nitrile elastomer Nitrile rubber. See Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer Nitrile rubber, hydrogenated. See Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated Nitriles, coco. See Coco nitrile Nitriles, tallow. See Tallow nitrile Nitriloacetic acid trisodium salt. See Trisodium NTA... 

Acrylic elastomer Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated Polyethylene, ultrahigh m.w. high-density Polynorbornene Polyurethane elastomer, thermoplastic Styrenated diphenylamine , Styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer seals, chemical-resistant Chlorotrifluoroethylene polymer seals, dynamic aerospace Polyfluoroalkoxyphosphazene seals, dynamic industrial Polyfluoroalkoxyphosphazene seals, dynamic military Polyfluoroalkoxyphosphazene seals, high performance Tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoromethylvinyl ether copolymer seals, oil... 

Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated seals/gaskets, high-performance aerospace Hexafluoropropylene/vinylidene fluoride copolymer... 

Shapras and Claver [38] have described a gas chromatographic method for the determination of various volatiles in polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene-butadiene, styrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene terpolymers and other co-polymers. In this procedure, the polymer is dissolved in dimethyl formamide containing a known amount of toluene as internal standard. A portion of this solution is injected into two columns in series comprising 20% Tween 81 on Chromosorb W, followed by 10% Resoflex-446 on Chromosorb W. Using a hydrogen flame ionisation detector, less than 10 ppm of various monomers and other volatile impurities can be determined in the polymer by this procedure. Shapras and Claver state that the polymer present in the solution injected into the gas chromatographic column deposits on the injection block and is removed by reaming after every 50 sample injections. 

Abbreviations HIPS, high-impact polystyrene ABS, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene graft copolymer EPDM, ethylene propylene-diene copolymer CTBN, carboxyl terminated butadiene nitrile telomer M = 5000 g/mol) PC, polyearbonate SBS, styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer SIS, styrene isoprene styrene tribloek copolymer SEBS, SBS with hydrogenated center block PU, segmented (block copolymer) polyurethanes PDMS, poly(dimethyl siloxane) FIFE, polytetralluoroethylene. 

HNBR Hydrogenated nitrile Butadiene, Acrylonitrile copolymer Similar to NBR but with improved chemical resistance and higher service temperature Ozone, ketones, esters, aldehydes, chlorinated and nitro hydrocarbons... 

Moisture embrittlement must be distinguished from other forms of embrittlement. Brittleness of propellants at low temperatures is normally caused by binders which stiffen excessively with decreasing temperatures, owing to partial crystallization of the binder matrix (e.g.9 copolymers of butadiene with acrylonitrile, some hydrogenated polybutadienes, etc.). Such propellants are brittle at low temperatures whether they have been exposed to moisture or not. 

The butadiene 55%)-acrylonitrile 38%)-acylamidoxime(7%) terpolymer was prepared by reacting 2.00g butadiene 55%)-acrylni-trile(45%) copolymer in 50 ml tetrahydrofuran with 1.46g hydro-xylamine hydrogen chloride (freed of HC1 (5)) in 12 ml n-butanol at 70°C for 18 hrs. under nitrogen. The product was worked up analogously to the 3% amidoxime terpolymer. Yield and conversion to amidoxime were 2.02g (91%) and 15%, respectively. 

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