Hydrochloric acid, additive

Tungsten is usually identified by atomic spectroscopy. Using optical emission spectroscopy, tungsten in ores can be detected at concentrations of 0.05—0.1%, whereas x-ray spectroscopy detects 0.5—1.0%. ScheeHte in rock formations can be identified by its luminescence under ultraviolet excitation. In a wet-chemical identification method, the ore is fired with sodium carbonate and then treated with hydrochloric acid addition of 2inc, aluminum, or tin produces a beautiful blue color if tungsten is present. 

C) Preparation of Doxapram Hydrochloride [3,3-Diphenyl-1-Ethyl-4-(2-Morpholino-Ethylj-2-Pyrrolidinone Hydrochloride Monohydrate] A solution of 25 grams (0.076 mol) of 4-(2-chloroethyl)-3,3-diphenyl-1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone and 13.3 grams (0.153 mol) of morpholine in 500 ml of absolute ethanol was heated at 95°-120°C for 21 hours in a closed system and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in 3(X) ml of two normal hydrochloric acid and extracted with 150 ml of ethyl acetate. A solid crystallized (13 g) during the extraction and was removed by filtration. MP 217°-219°C. The acid extracts were made basic with sodium hydroxide and extracted with ether, and the ether solution was concentrated in vacuo and the residue was suspended in six normal hydrochloric acid. Additional crystalline product formed and was recrystallized from two normal hydrochloric acid. Yield, 10 grams MP 217°-219°C. Total yield, 23 grams (70%). 

A solution of 200 g of 1 -p-chlorophenvl-2-phenyl-4-(N-pvrrolidino)-butanol-2 in 750 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid is refluxed for 9 hours thereby causing a dehydration of the butanol compound, and the formation of the hydrochloric acid addition salt of a 1 -p-chloro-phenyl-2-phenyl-4-(N-pyrrolidino)-butene. The hydrochloride salt formed crystallizes in the oily lower layer of the two phase reaction mixture and is removed therefrom by filtration. The filtrate is again refluxed for 9 hours, cooled to0°C,and a second crop of the hydrochloric acid addition salt of the dehydration product is obtained and filtered off. The filtrate containing residual amounts of 1 -p-chlorophenyl-2-phenyl-4-(N-pyrrolidino)-butanol-2 is again refluxed for 9 hours to yield an additional crop of the salt of the dehydration product. The several fractions of the butene compound are combined and triturated with several small portions of hot acetone and recrystallized from alcohol-ether mixture. The hydrochl or ic acid addition salt of the dehydration product, 1 -p-chlorophenyl-2-phenyl-4-(N-pyrrolidino)-butene hydrochloride, melts at about 227°C to 228°C. 

Hydrogen chloride (HC1), 13 808-837 17 788. See also Anhydrous hydrogen chloride Dehydrochlorination Hydrogen gas Hydrochloric acid addition, 6 229-230... 

Low oxygen content in chlorine gas with hydrochloric acid addition... 

Fig. 19.8 Oxygen content in chlorine with hydrochloric acid addition to the AZEC Improved B-1 facility at Kashima.

Ketal regeneration proceeds step-wise through an enol ether intermediate. This intermediate is capable of several side reactions including a copper catalyzed aldol condensation, heavies formation and addition reactions with hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid addition to l-methoxycyclohexene is of no consequence since this side reaction proved to be thermally reversible under oxycarbonylation reaction conditions. 

A vigorously stirred suspension of 0.2 to 1 mole of sodium amide in 200 ml of xylene, in which 0.1 moles of 4-diisopropylamino-2,2-diphenyl-butyronitrile were dissolved, was boiled for about twelve hours. After this the excess of sodium amide was decomposed with water and the xylene layer was separated, washed with water and extracted with dilute hydrochloric acid. This acidic extract was made strongly alkaline with a concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and the separated base was extracted with ether. After drying, the ether evaporated and the l,l-diphenyl-3-diisopropylamino-propane was distilled in vacuum. The oil obtained can be dissolved in ether and after introduction of hydrochloric acid gas the hydrochloric acid addition salt precipitates. It shows a melting point of 171°C. 

Gold monoxide, AuO.—An oxide of this formula is said to be formed by the action on gold of a small proportion of aqua regia containing excess of hydrochloric acid, addition of sufficient primary carbonate to the solution to redissolve the precipitate first formed, and heating the solution.6 The product separates as an olive-green hydrate, which dries in the air to a hard mass. It is doubtful whether the oxide is a true chemical compound or not. 

Other Types of Addition.—It. may be well to consider two distinctly different cases of seeming unsaturation as indicated by the formation of addition products. When ammonia gas, or ammonia substitution products, viz., the alkyl amines, react with any acid, e.g., hydrochloric acid, addition takes place and the reaction is represented as follows ... 

OTES HPC was conducted in 93% ethanol environment at a temperature of 30 °C with hydrochloric acid addition (HCl, 36.5%) as a catalyst. 

Human whole blood Treatment of sample with dilute hydrochloric acid addition of a pH buffer and a complexing agent (diethyldithiocarbamate) extraction of mercury species into toluene ETAAS 2 g/dm3 >94% Emteborg et al. 1992... 

Hence the stronger the dependence of nucleation on supersaturation, the greater will be the increase in number of primary particles as initial supersaturation increases. For (3m-l)/5 > 1 (i.e. m > 2), the size of those particles will decrease with initial supersaturation. No dependence on mixing conditions appears the concentration dependence for soy protein precipitates (via hydrochloric acid addition) was found (4 ) to be... 

Figure 3.3 shows In D with triisooctyl amine of many polyvalent metal ions that form anionic chloro complexes in hydrochloric acid. Additional distribution data are available for metal nitrates, sulfates, and oxy anions that can be extracted. These ions can then be back-extracted into less acid systems in which they are no longer anionic complexes. 

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