Humoral-mediated immunity

Humoral-mediated immunity LPS (lipopolysaccharide) mitogen response or F(ab)2 mitogenic response enumeration of plaques by IgM antibody-forming cells to a T-dependent antigen (sheep red blood cells serum IgM concentration... 

Humoral-mediated immunity Enumeration of secondary antibody (IgG) response to sheep red blood cells... 

Sanmaliev, I., Mladenov, K., Padechky, P. (1996). Investigations into the influence of multiple doses of a potent cholinesterase inhibitor on the host resistance and humoral mediated immunity in rats. Voj. zdrav. Listy 65 143. 

Spyker-Cranmer et al. 1982). These studies suggested to the investigators that in utero and/or neonatal exposure to chlordane suppressed cell-mediated immunity, as manifested by depressed delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in the offspring of treated mice. There was no effect on humoral-mediated immunity. It is likely that the nursing pups continued to be exposed to chlordane because chlordane is excreted in milk (see Section 2.3). 

To develop pneumonia, virulent microorganisms must invade the lung parenchyma, either as the result of a defect in defense mechanisms of the host or by an overwhelming inoculum. The normal human respiratory tract has a variety of defense mechanisms such as anatomic barriers, cough reflex, cell and humoral-mediated immunity, and a dual phagocytic system... 

The intermediate-duration oral MRL was derived based on the observation of decreases in humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in rats consuming 0.9 mg/kg/day for 22 weeks (Banerjee and Hussain 1986). Choice of this end point is supported by the observation of similar effects in rats at higher doses following ingestion for shorter periods (Banerjee and Hussain 1986, 1987) and decreased neutrophils and... 

Banerjee BD, Hussain QZ. 1986. Effect of sub-chronic endosulfan exposure on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in albino rats. Arch Toxicol 59 279-284. 

Humoral antibodies of the IgG elass are able to eross the placenta flxm mother to fetus. These antibodies will provide passive proteetion of the new-born against those diseases which involve humoral immunity and to which the mother is immune. In this fashion, new-born infants in the UK have passive proteetion against tetanus but not against tuberculosis which requires cell-mediated immunity. Seeretory antibodies are also passed to the new-born together with the first deliveries of breast milk (colostrum). Such antibodies provide some passive protection against infections of the gastrointestinal tract. 

Sanders VM, Tucker AN, White KL Jr, et al. 1982. Humoral and cell-mediated immune status in mice exposed to trichloroethylene in drinking water. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 62 358-368. 

Lymphocyte 20-40% T cells (cell-mediated immunity) B cells (humoral antibody response) Lymphocytosis Viral infections (e.g., mononucleosis) Tuberculosis Fungal infections Lymphopenia human immunodeficiency virus... 

Finally, persons with diabetes have altered immune function that predisposes them to infection. Although their humoral immune responses remain intact, leukocyte function and cell-mediated immunity are compromised in poorly controlled disease. Achieving and maintaining tightly controlled blood glucose levels can wholly or partially reverse diabetic immunopathy. 

The primary function of the B lymphocytes is to produce antibodies, which are molecules that identify and lead to the destruction of foreign substances such as bacteria. The B lymphocytes and the antibodies they produce are responsible for humoral immunity. T lymphocytes provide immunity against viruses and cancer cells. These lymphocytes directly attack and destroy their targets by forming holes in the target cell membrane, causing cell lysis. The T lymphocytes are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. 

Okamoto S, Yoshii H, Akagi T et al (2007) Influenza hemagglutinin vaccine with poly (y-glutamic acid) nanoparticles enhances the protection against influenza virus infection through both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Vaccine 25 8270-8278... 

Khangarot, B.S. and D.M. Tripathi. 1991. Changes in humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and in skin and respiratory surfaces of catfish, Saccobranchus fossilis, following copper exposure. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 22 291-308. 

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