Human health risk management

See also Dose-Response Relationship Exposure Assessment Risk Assessment, Human Health Risk Management. 

Laboy, E., Goosen, M.F.A., and Emmanuel, E. (eds.). 2010. Environmental and Human Health Risk Management in Developing Countries. London, U.K. Taylor Francis Group. 

U.S. Army. 2000e. Conceptual Site Model and Assessment Methodology for the Human Health Risk-Based RCRA Permit Closure of the JACADS Facility, Johnston Island, Johnston Atoll, North Pacific (Ocean). Prepared by United States Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine for the Project Manager for Chemical Stockpile Disposal, June 27. Report No. 39-EJ-8929-99. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md. U.S. Army Program Managerfor Chemical Demilitarization. 

Whichever method of presentation is chosen, it is critical that the numerical estimates not be separated from the various assumptions upon which they are based and their uncertainties. The dose-response characterization should contain a discussion and interpretation of the numerical estimates so that the risk manager gains significant insight into the extent to which the quantitative estimate reflects the true magnitude of potential human responses. The risk manager needs to understand that the true human health risk cannot be known with the degree of accuracy reflected in the numerical estimates. 

This model has been extensively used to assess all human health risks, including reproduction and developmental toxicity (USEPA, 1991 IPCS, 1999a, 200Id) and neurodevelopmental toxicity (USEPA, 1998 IPCS, 2001b). The importance of the interactions of risk assessment with risk management and risk communication has been recognized (NRC, 1994 Renwick et al., 2003). 

EU human health risk assessment, completed on May 2005, concluded that TBBPA presents no risk to human health. Therefore TBBPA is not subject to any classification for health. TBBPA is classified in the EU as an R50/53 substance for the environment toxic to aquatic organisms and may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. Hazard can be managed by appropriate product stewardship measures. 

Nathanail CP. 2005. Generic and site specific assessment criteria in human health risk assessment of contaminated soil. J Soil Use Manage 21 500-507. 

What is the role of human health risk assessment in risk management ... 

See also Clean Air Act (CAA), US Clean Water Act (CWA), US Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenti-cide Act, US Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, US Risk Assessment, Ecological Risk Assessment, Human Health Risk Characterization Risk Management Safe Drinking Water Act, US Toxic Substances Control Act, US. 

TERA created and manages the International Toxicity Estimates for Risk (ITER) database, a comparative database of human health risk values and cancer classifications from leading government... 

Risk assessment is a process where the magnitude of a specific risk is characterized so that decision-makers can conclude whether the potential hazard is sufficiently great that it needs to be managed or regulated, reduced or removed. The National Research Council (NRC, 1983) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) first described the process of human health risk assessment, with an update in 1994 and 1996, as a four-component paradigm (i.e., hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization), with risk communication as a fifth area of study. The first four components are described briefly below. 

On November 18-20, 1998, a workshop on Scientific Issues Relevant to the Assessment of Health Effects from Exposure to Methylmercury was conducted in Raleigh, North Carolina. The workshop was jointly sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and ATSDR. The purpose of this workshop was to discuss and evaluate the major epidemiologic studies that associated methylmercury exposure and the results of an array of developmental measures in children. These studies monitored and evaluated exposed populations in Iraq, the Seychelles Islands, the Faroe Islands, and the Amazon River Basin. A number of animal studies were also considered in support of a human health risk assessment. 

Waste Management Treatment and Disposal, 38 Human Health Risk Assessments, 38 Transportation Risk Assessments, 38... 

Asante-Duah, K. (2002a). Design of public health risk managment programs. In Public Health Risk Assessment for Human Exposures to Chemicals, Kluwer Academic Publishers, London, pp. 237-256. 

Many fundamental concepts of human health risk assessment from chemical and biological hazards have been described in Risk Assessment in the Federal Government Managing the Process (NRC, 1983). The basic paradigm developed in that report is shown in Figure 6-1, and it captures the two key components—risk assessment and risk management—that apply equally well to building protection situations. 

A risk analysis framework for food safety has been developed as an approach to assessing the relationship between potential hazards and the actual human health risks. The three components of risk analysis are assessment, management, and communication. 

As in a human health risk assessment, an ecological risk assessment concludes with a narrative characterization of risk (Figure 9.1). The evidence marshaled in the exposure and effect analyses provides the basis for estimating the risk to the ecological value identified in the management goal. The risk estimate includes quantitative... 

PRIO is a web-based tool intended to be used to preventively reduce risks to human health and the environment from chemicals. The aim of PRIO is to facilitate in the assessment of health and environmental risks of chemicals so that people who work as environmental managers, purchasers and product developers can identify the need for risk reduction. To achieve this PRIO provides a guide for decision-making that can be used in setting risk reduction priorities. 

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