Human endogenous retroviruses

On the other hand, EFN-a may also be involved in the activation of autoreactive T-cells as has been proposed for type I diabetes. An DFN-a inducible superantigen, encoded by the truncated envelope gene of a human endogenous retrovirus and specifically activating V 37 T-cells, has been detected in pancreatic lesions from type I diabetes patients, infiltrated by V 37 T-cells. Since IFN-a expression could be detected in pancreatic (3 cells in conceit with persistent viral infections, there is a clear link between viral infections and autoimmunity via IFN-a-stimulated superantigen expression. 

Epstein-Barr virus/human endogenous retrovirus HERV-K18... 

Blond, J.-L., Lavillette, D., Cheynet, V., Bouton, 0., Oriol, G., Chapel-Fernandes, S., Mandrand, B., Mallet, F. and Cosset, F.-L. (2000) An envelope glycoprotein of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W is expressed in the human placenta and fuses cells expresing the type-D mammalian retrovirus receptor. J VirolU, 3321-3329. 

Lavillette, D., Marin, M., Ruggierei, A., Mallet, F., Cosset, F.-L. and Kahat, D. (2002) The envelope glycoprotein of human endogenous retrovirus type W uses a divergent family of amino acid transporters / cell surface receptors. J Viroll, 6442-6452. 

Magistrelli C, Samoilova E, Agarwal RK, Banki K, Ferrante P, Vladutiu A, Phillips PE, Perl A (1999) Polymorphic genotypes of the HRES-1 human endogenous retrovirus locus correlate with systemic lupus erythematosus and autoreactivity. Immunogenetics, 49 829-834. 

Figure 53 Decades Long Search for Human Endogenous Retroviruses. Reference Appendix 2, Explanations to the Figures...

The enveloped and fully antigenic human endogenous retrovirus HERV-E is released from suppression in kidney clear cell carcinoma cells with inactivated VHL... 

Gimenez J, Montgiraud C, Pichon J-P, Arsac M, Ruel M, Bouton O, Mailet F. Custom human endogenous retrovirus dedicated microarray identifies self-induced HERV-W family elements reactivated in testicular cancer upon methylation control. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 38 2229 6. 

Blaise S, de Parseval N, B6nit L, Heidmann T. Genomwide screening for fusogenic human endogenous retrovirus envelopes identifies syncytin 2, a gene conserved on primate evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003 100 1301-13018. 

Malassine A, Frendo J-L, Blaise S, Handschuh P, Tsatsaris V, Heidmann T. Human endogenous retrovirus-FRD envelope protein (syncytin 2) expression in normal and trisomy 21-affected placenta. Retrovirology. 2008 5 6. doi 10.1186/1742 690-5-6. 

Laufer G, Mayer J, Mueller BF, Mueller-Lantzseh N, Ruprecht K. Analysis of transcribed human endogenous retrovirus W env locus clarifies the origin of multiple sclerosis -associated retrovirus env sequenees. Retrovirology. 2009 5 37. doi 10.1186/... 

Zwolinska K. Retroviruses-dtaived sequences in the human genome. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). Postepy Hig Med Dosw. 2006 60 637-6521774. 

Antony JM, Deslairricas AM, Bhat RK, Ellestad KK, Power C. Human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclcaosis iimocent bystanders or disease determinants Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 1812 162-76. 

Nelson PN, Hooley P, Ejtehadi HD, Rylance P, Warren P, Martin J, Mirrray PG. Molecular Immunology Research Group. Human endogenous retroviruses transposable elements with potential Qin Exp ImmunoL 2004 138 1-9. 

Subramanian RP, Wildschutte JH, Russo C, Coffin JM. Identification, characterization, and comparative genomic distribution of the HERV-K (HML-2) group of human endogenous retroviruses. Retrovirology. 2011 8 90. doi 10.1186/1742-4690-8-90. 

Januszkiewitz-Lewandowska D, Nowicka K, Rembowska J, Fichna M. Zurawek, Derwich K, Nowak J. Env gene expression of human endogenous retrovirus-K and human endogenous retrovirus-W in childhood acute leukemia cells. Acta Haematol. 2013 129 232-7. 

Cherkasova E, Malinzak E, Rao S, Takahashi Y, Senchenko VN, Kudryavtseva AV, Nickerson ME, Merino M, Hong JA, Schrump DS, Srinivasan R, Linehan WM, Tian X, Lerman Ml, Childs RW. Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor leads to selective expression of a human endogenous retrovirus in kidney cancer. Oncogene. 2011 30 4697-706. 

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