Element family

Using this coordinate system the shape functions for the first two members of the tensor product Lagrange element family are expressed as... 

Isotopes are thus a kind of free give-away bonus to the Periodic Table. In a sense they expand our choice of elements by giving us extra versions that do unique and useful things. We do well to remember that each entry in the table represents not a sole member of the element family but a kind of averaged image of a small group of chemical brothers and sisters, each with their own talents. 

O.C. Zienkiewicz. Finite Element Methods in Stress Analysis, chapter 13 Iso-parametric and associate elements families for two and three dimensional analysis. Tapir Press, Trondheim, 1969. 

Electrocardiogram (ECG) Electroencephalogram (LEG) Electrolysis Electrolyte Electromagnetic field Electromagnetic induction Electromagnetic spectrum Electrom agnetism Electromotive force Electron Electron cloud Electronics Electrophoresis Electrostatic devices Element, chemical Element, families of Element, transuranium Elements, formation of Elephant Elephant shrews... 

Blimps, city lights, and billboards, all have something in common—they use gases that are members of the same element family. In this chapter, you ll learn about the unique properties of element families. You ll also learn how electrons can be lost, gained, and shared by atoms to form chemical bonds. 

Elements can be divided into groups, or families. Each column of the periodic table in Figure 5 contains one element family. Hydrogen is usually considered separately, so the first element family begins with lithium and sodium in the first column. The second family starts with beryllium and magnesium in the second column, and so on. Just as human family members often have similar looks and traits, members of element families have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer energy levels. 

Alkali Metals Look at the element family in Group 1 on the periodic table at the back of this book, called the alkali metals. The first members of this family, lithium and sodium, have one electron in their outer energy levels. You can see in Figure 8 that potassium also has one electron in its outer level. Therefore, you can predict that the next family member, rubidium, does also. These electron arrangements are what determines how these metals react. 

Display Make a display featuring one of the element families described in this chapter. Include electronic structures, electron dot diagrams, and some compounds they form. 

Some Adepti have been known to offer prayers to the elements to help. These invocations, relating to the elemental family to which the plant belongs, are included in the final part of the grade rituals of the Golden Dawn 1°= 10° to 4°= 7°. 

---