Human ceramides

Bouwstra, J.A., et al. 2001. Phase behavior of lipid mixtures based on human ceramides Coexistence of crystalline and liquid phases. J Lipid Res 42 1759. 

Wijesinghe DS, Massiello A, Subramanian P, Szulc Z, Bielawska 90. A, Chalfant CE. Substrate specificity of human ceramide kinase. 

Kapitonov D, Yu RK (1997) Cloning, characterization, and expression of human ceramide galac-tosyltransferase cDNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 232 449-453... 

Ichikawa S, Sakiyama H, Suzuki G, Hidari KI, Hirabayashi Y (1996) Expression cloning of a cDNA for human ceramide glucosyltransferase that catalyzes the first glycosylation step of glycosphingolipid synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93 4638 643... 

Raith and Neubert [57] have developed a method for the profihng of human stratum comeum ceramides. The method enables the investigation of the role of ceramides in maintaining the barrier function of stratum comeum. TLC using automated multiple development was modified for semipreparative purposes. The fractionation of complex lipid extracts using this method ensured specific, sensitive, and... 

Central nervous system myelin is enriched in certain lipids. Table 4-1 lists the composition of bovine, rat, and human myelin compared to bovine and human white matter, human gray matter, and rat whole brain [1] (see Ch. 3). While there are no absolutely myelin-specific lipids, cerebroside (galactosyl ceramide) is the most typical of myelin. With the exception of early development,... 

Ogretmen, B., J. M. Kraveka, D. Schady, J. Usta, Y. A. Hannun, and L. M. Obeid. 2001. Molecular mechanisms of ceramide-mediated telomerase inhibition in the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. J Biol Chem 276(35) 32506-14. 

The physiological roles of the yeast (and their human homologues) alkaline ceramidases are yet to be established. Since these enzymes regulate a series of bioactive lipids such as ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine-1-P, we predict that they have an important role in cell regulatory events. 

Chen, W.W., Moser, A.B., and Moser, H.W., 1981, Role oflysosomal add ceramidase in the metabohsm of ceramide in human skin fibroblasts. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 208 444-455. 

Lavie Y., Cao H.t., Volner A., Lucci A., Han T.Y., Geffen V., Giuhano A.E., and Cabot M.C., 1997, Agents that reverse multidmg resistance, tamoxifen, verapamil, and cyclosporin A, block gjycosphingolipid metabolism by inhibiting ceramide glycosylation in human cancer cells./. Biol. Chem. 272 1682-1687. 

Liu, Y.Y., Han, T.Y., Giuhano, A.E. and Cabot, M.C., 1999, Expression of glucosylceramide synthase, converting ceramide to glucosylceramide, confers adriamycin resistance in human breast cancer cells. J. Biol. Chem. 274 1140-1146. 

Masamune, A., Igarashi, Y. and Hakomori, S.. 1996, Regulatory role of ceramide in interleukin (IL)-1 -induced E-selectin expression in human umbilical vein endothehal cells. Ceramide errhances IL-1 action, but is not sufficient for E-selectin expression. J. 

One of the first reports showing that DAG attenuates ceramide induced apoptosis used two human myeloid leukemia cell lines, namely HL-60 and U937. Exposure of HL-60 and U937 cells to SMase or lOpM ceU-permeable ceramides for 6 h resulted in DNA-laddering, a typical hallmark of apoptosis. This could be aboUshed by di-octanoylglycerol, a cell permeable... 

Jarvis, W.D., Fornari Jr, F.A., Traylor, R.S., Martin, H.A., Kramer, L.B., ErukuUa. R.K., Bittman, R. and Grant, S., 1996, Induction of apoptosis and potentiation of ceramide-mediated cytotoxicity by sphingoid bases in human myeloid leukaemia cells, J. Biol. 

Bezombes, C., Maestre, N., Laurent, G., Levade, T., Bettaieb, A., and Jaffrezou, J. P., 1998, Restoration of TNF-a-induced ceramide generation and apoptosis in resistant human leukemia KGla cells by the P-glycoprotein blocker PSC833. FASEB J. 12 101-109. 

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