Human body temperature regulation

The spread mixed lipid monolayer studies provide information about the packing and orientation of such molecules at the water interface. These interfacial characteristics affect many other systems. For instance, mixed surfactants are used in froth flotation. The monolayer surface pressure of a pure surfactant is measured after the injection of the second surfactant. From the change in n, the interaction mechanism can be measured. The monolayer method has also been used as a model biological membrane system. In the latter BLM, lipids are found to be mixed with other lipidlike molecules (such as cholesterol). Hence, mixed monolayers of lipids + cholesterol have been found to provide much useful information on BLM. The most important BLM and temperature melting phenomena is the human body temperature regulation. Normal body temperature is 37°C (98°F), at which all BLM function efficiently. 

Reactions such as this require enzymes that regulate their rates. These enzymes are protein catalysts that are most efficient within the range of normal human body temperatures. Without the help of enzymes and a temperature near 37°C, reactions such as this one could not occur at a rate that would meet the needs of the body. Outside this temperature range, reaction rates are slower, as shown in Figure 1. 

Chemistry and Life The Regulation of Human Body Temperature... 

To sustain life in various environments, the human body must have the ability to keep the temperature of core and skin at a reasonable range under a variety of external conditions, that is, the core body temperature should be maintained at 37.0 0.5 °C, and the skin temperature should be managed at approximately 33 °C. In the human body, the regulation of the body temperature is implemented by the thermoregulation system, which responds to produce/dissipate heat when the body core temperature drops/ rises. The basic mechanism of the body thermoregulation system involves two processes ... 

Physiology is the study of the functions of the human body. In other words, the mechanisms by which the various organs and tissues carry out their specific activities are considered. Emphasis is often placed on the processes that control and regulate these functions. In order for the body to function optimally, conditions within the body, referred to as the internal environment, must be very carefully regulated. Therefore, many important variables, such as body temperature, blood pressure, blood glucose, oxygen and carbon dioxide content of the blood, as well as electrolyte balance, are actively maintained within narrow physiological limits. 

Besides covering and protecting the body, the other function of the skin are regulation of the body temperature (ca. 37°C) and also controlling penetration of the body by sunlight, liquids, solid materials, etc. The human skin is composed of four layers of different tissue ... 

Reptiles like the snake and the lizard cannot regulate their body temperature, and adopt the temperature of their environment (i.e., they are poikilother-mic) - so they cannot survive extremes which put their body cells, and particularly their enzyme systems, at risk. By contrast, we can shiver or sweat to increase or reduce our core temperature, and so human beings can function effectively in a much wider range of temperature than can reptiles. What has this to do with drugs and other ingested chemicals In just the same way as we mammals have evolved to be relatively independent of environmental temperature so we also have developed a system of screening and filtering out chemical substances that present themselves to us in our diet and from other sources. 

The entire surface of the human body is covered with eccrine sweat glands, with especially high concentrations in the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, and the forehead. Eccrine sweat glands produce and release sweat to regulate the temperature of the body. 

This extra water vapor in the air makes it harder for humans to utilize their natural evaporative cooling method sweat. Flumans sweat in the intense heat of a sauna, but the sweat cannot evaporate easily because the air is already filled with water vapor. As a result, the human body loses its ability to regulate its own body temperature. This explains why sitting in a sauna can feel extremely warm even when temperatures are not that high. 

Wright KP Jr, Hull JT, Czeisler CA. Relationship between alertness, performance and body temperature in humans. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2002 (epub ahead of print). 

Bourdon L, Jacobs I, Bateman WA, Vallerand AL. Effect of modafinil on heat production and regulation of body temperatures in cold-exposed humans. Aviat Space Environ Med 1994 65 999-1004. 

When a patient coming out of anesthesia gets the chills, what do you do Put a warm blanket on them, of course. The energy in the warm blanket transfers energy to the patient, at least partially through conduction. Countercurrent heat exchange between veins and arteries is an important temperature regulation mechanism in the human body, which also relies on conduction. 

The manner in which the human body controls temperature is important not only under normal conditions but also during exercise, fever, and trauma induced by injury, bums, surgery, etc. Over longer periods of time, hormones, adaptation, and acclimatization can exert significant effects. Although the work reported here is limited to normal short-term regulation, it is possible that the other situations can be explained in terms of modifications of the basic mechanism. 

The portion of the human brain stem called the hypothalamus regulates body temperature—in essence, the hypothalamus acts as a thermostat for the body. When body temperature rises above the normal range, the hypothalamus triggers mechanisms to lower the temperature. It likewise triggers mechanisms to increase the temperature if body temperature drops too low. 

---