HPLC-ICP-AES

5 g sample was extracted into 30 mL methanol and 0.05% tropolone mixture. 200 pL of extract were injected onto a cationic exchange HPLC column (Partisil, cation exchange, 25 cm length, 4.6 mm internal diameter, 10 pm particle size, mobile phase consisting of 80% methanol-water, 0.1 mol ammonium acetate and 0.1% tropolone). The eluent was mixed with 0.3 molL HCl and 0.25 molL NaBILi in 1 mol L NaOH. The organotin hydrides were drained to a gas-liquid separator. Final detection was by ICP-AES. Recoveries were evaluated by spiking the material results were (108 + 3)% for MBT, (79 8)% for DBT and (102 11)% for TBT. Calibration was performed by standard additions. 

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Other techniques used for organotin speciation comprise GC-FAAS, GC-GFAAS, GC-ICP-MS, HPLC-FAAS, HPLC-GFAAS, HPLC-DCP (after continuous on-line hydride generation), HPLC-ICP-AES, HPLC-ICP-MS, etc. [555], Whereas ICP-AES does not provide an adequate response for ng levels of tin, ICP-MS can detect sub-ng to pg levels. GC-ICP-ToFMS... 

A1-Rashdan A, Heitkemper D, Caruso JA. 1991. Lead speciation by HPLC-ICP-AES and HPLC-ICP-MS. J Chromatogr Sci 29(3) 98-102. 

Serum (Al-organic acid species) Addition of sodium bicarbonate direct injection into chromatography column HPLC/ICP-AES No data No data Maitani et al. 1994... 

In the case of dibutyltin, relatively high results with a large CV were obtained by HPLC-ICP-AES and doubts were raised about the specificity of the liquid/liquid extraction procedure used which could have led to an over-estimate of the values due to uncertainties in recovery the set was therefore withdrawn. 

Among the various methods of excitation of elements for emission spectrometry, ICP is one of the most efficient. Also looking at the compilation of records on analytical techniques for As, it has found a widespread use. In spite of MS being clearly the predominant detection, coupled to the plasma method, some reports on the use of AES have also been made. Chasseau et al. came to the conclusion that HPLC-ICP-AES may be a reliable technique for As speciation, when low detection limits are not required they obtained detection limits ranging from 7 /rg 1 for As(III) to 18 /rg 1 ... 

Accordingly many procedures have been proposed for speciation. Amongst the most popular are the so-called hybrid techniques which couple separatory methods such as chromatography with detection methods such as optical or mass spectrometry. This has led to a proliferation of abbreviations, such as GC-MS, GC-AAS, GC-ICP-AES, GC-ICP-MS, HPLC-AAS, HPLC-ICP-MS, HPLC-ICP-AES, SFC-ICP-MS and CZE-ICP-MS, which read more like alphabet soup than science. 

Efficient separation of rare earths by the HPLC-ICP-AES system has been obtained using a linear concentration gradient elution method and ammonium lactate as the mobile phase (Figure 138). Detection limits for... 

Figure 138 Chromatograms for rare earth elements obtained by the HPLC-ICP-AES system.

SDS-PAGE, MALDI TOP MS, 2-D Gel HPLC, GC, GC-MS GC, GC-MS HPLC, FTIR Diastase analysis GC, enzymatic assay LC, LC-MS, CE Pollen analysis AES and ICP-AES... 

Table 7.33 reports the main characteristics of GC-ICP-MS. Since both GC and ICP-MS can operate independently and can be coupled within a few minutes by means of a transfer line, hyphenation of these instruments is even more attractive than GC-MIP-AES. GC-ICP-MS is gaining popularity, probably due to the fact that speciation information is now often required when analysing samples. Advantages of GC-ICP-MS over HPLC-ICP-MS are its superior resolution, resulting in sharper peak shapes and thus lower detection limits. GC-ICP-MS produces a dry plasma when the separated species reach the ICP they are not accompanied by solvent or liquid eluents. This reduces spectral interferences. Variations on the GC-ICP-MS... 

Applications RPLC-ICP-AES was used for specia-tion and quantification of polar, low-MW silanols [686]. Cr(III, VI) can be determined by IC-ICP-OES at the ppt level. However, many HPLC applications for organometallic compounds demand the use of gradient elution, and a high flow-rate combined with gradient elution results in unstable plasma conditions. 

Atomic techniques such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AA), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), have been widely used in the pharmaceutical industry for metal analysis.190-192 A content uniformity analysis of a calcium salt API tablet formulation by ICP-AES exhibited significantly improved efficiency and fast analysis time (1 min per sample) compared to an HPLC method.193... 

AAS = atomic absorption spectroscopy HPLC = high performance liquid chromatography ICP/AES = inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy... 

Elgersma, J.W., Balke, J. and Maessen, F.J.M.J. (1991) The performance of a low consumption thermospray nebulizer for specific use in micro-HPLC and general use in FI with ICP-AES detection. Spectrochim. Acta, 46B, 1073-1088. 

A1 As Be Co, Mo, V Cu, Pb cio2 Ge Pb trace metals U, Th, Po, Ra Organic compounds in water include the following (122) spectrofluorometric, neutron activation hplc coupled to icp / aes AAS icp / aes potentiometric ion chromatography preconcentration reaction followed by spectrophotometry preconcentrated as various complexes OC-spectroscopy and liquid scintillation... 

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