Horsepower requirement

Change process to adjust specific gravity to design value, or throttle pump to reduce horsepower requirements. This will not correct problem with some vertical turbine pumps that have a flat horsepower-required curve. 

Cost Data for Kilns Purchase prices, weights, and horsepower requirements of typical units are given in Table 12-21. Installed costs will run to from 300 to 500 percent of purchase cost. Maintenance will average 5 to 10 percent of the total installed cost per year but is dependent largely on the hfe of the refractoiy lining. 

Horsepower requirements of several types of mixers are hsted in Table 19-3. 

Horsepower Requirements and Speeds of Rotation for Some Commercial Solids Mixers... 

Horsepower requirement for internal device depends on character of material, type, and speed of agitator. These are to be determined by adequate testing. 

Horsepower required based on material of 50-60-lb/fF bulk density, medium free-flowing, using 10 hp/ton for average mix cycle of. 3-10 min (depending on material, range can be. 3-18 hp/ton). 

Capacities and horsepowers are given for materials having hulk densities of 100 Ih/ft (1602 kg/m ). For other densities these will vary in direct proportion a 50-lh/ft material will reduce the capacity and horsepower required hy 50 percent. 

Pressure-drop and horsepower requirements possibly high... 

Given Pressure or Fdead required = 100 feet at 200 gpm. What is the water horsepower required for this pump Assume a sp. gr. of 1.0... 

One of the most important and least eonsidered points of eorreet alignment is the relationship with the power transmitted from the motor to the pump. An almost perfeet alignment (0.003 ineh) with an adequate and new eoupling transmits almost 100% of the motor s power (there will always be some small losses). The Pump performanee eurve identifies the BHP or brake horsepower required for the pump to perform at its duty point. 

It is most likely that in designing a new FCC unit the expander will drive the air blower and produee enough horsepower in the end-of-bladelife eondition to supply the horsepower required by the air blower at the expander s end-of-run effieieney. There would also be an allowanee for deviations from expeeted expander performanee and air blower performanee. Thus, the expander ean be expeeted to have available, at start of run, a eonsiderable amount of exeess horsepower. This exeess horsepower must be used in some eeonomie manner without jeopardizing the eontinued safe operation of the FCC unit over its normal on-stream run time. 

Note that the inerease in peak generator load is not simply the amount of inerease in the peak expander horsepower. Sinee the peak has moved to the left as well as up, the eoineident horsepower required by the blower has been redueed and the equivalent of this reduetion is also added to the peak generator load. 

What happens if the expander were operating at peak power so that the exeess power supplied to the generator is represented by line B1 Assume afterburning oeeurs to eause a temperature rise. In the events that follow, there will be variations deteetable in the blower horsepower requirements, but they will be small eompared to the others that oeeur. If the unit was in lined-out operation before the afterburning oeeurred, the operators will be reluetant to disturb the regenerator-reaetor balanee. 

The following information was used in olefin plant case studies to determine if the ethylene/propylene cascaded refrigeration systems had enough horsepower for various plant operations. The propylene was condensed against cooling water at 110°F and the ethylene was condensed against propylene at -20°F. For comparison, the horsepower requirements for each refrigerant alone are also shown. 

Example. With the example cascaded system at an evaporator temperature of -100°F, the horsepower requirement is 6.2hp/ton refrigeration. A ton of refrigeration is equal to 12,000 BTU/hr. 

The vendor should also supply steam consumption data. However, for initial planning the process engineer needs to have an estimate. Use the following equations to calculate the horsepower required to compress noncondensing components from the jet inlet pressure and temperature to the outlet pressure. 

Figure 2-2. Percent of uncooled horsepower required with intercoolers. (Courtesy of Elliott Company)...

The practice of using 1.0 service factor induction motors would be consistent with that generally followed in selecting horsepower requirements of synchronous motors. 

After the type of driven equipment is selected, the horsepower require ments must be estimated. Unless the horsepower requirements happen to fit one of the gas turbine sizes available, a gas engine will be needed. 

An alternate form of catalyst is pellets. The pellets are available in various diameters or extruded forms. The pellets can have an aluminum oxide coating with a noble metal deposited as the catalyst. The beads are placed in a tray or bed and have a depth of anywhere from 6 to 10 inches. The larger the bead (1/4 inch versus 1/8 inch) the less the pressure drop through the catalyst bed. However, the larger the bead, the less surface area is present in the same volume which translates to less destruction efficiency. Higher pressure drop translates into higher horsepower required for the oxidation system. The noble metal monoliths have a relatively low pressure drop and are typically more expensive than the pellets for the same application. 

Large towers often have the motor mounted horizontally connected to a right angle gear drive. The motor can be closely coupled- in the air stream- or connected with a drive shaft with the motor outside the air stream. Maintenance personnel typically prefer the external TEFC motor- when available- for its easier access. Cooling tower fans- like all fans- operate in accordance with the fan laws one of which states that the horsepower required to drive a fan increases to the cube of fan speed. 

As an example, consider the speed of a fan that is increased by 10%. Let s determined the revised horsepower requirement. 

Design methodology consists of determining capacity, approximate sizes of particles settled and horsepower requirements for pumping. The flowrate of a... 

We wish to separate titanium dioxide particles from a water suspension. The method chosen is centrifugation. The unit is a continuous solid-bowl type with a bowl diamter of 400 mm, a length to width ratio of 3.0, and the unit operates at 2,000 rpm. The feed contains 18 % (weight basis) solids and is fed to the unit at 2,500 Liters/hr at a temperature of 95° F. The average particle size is 65 /tm. (a) Determine the amount of solids recovered per hour (b) Determine the solids concentration in the centrate (c) Determine the horsepower requirments for the centrifuge (d) Size a graviy settler to remove an additional 15 % of the solids. 

Multiply K by the empty-pipe pressure drop to obtain the pressure drop eaused by the Kenies mixer model installation. The theoretieal horsepower required by the Kenies mixer is determined by... 

In specifying a compressor it is necessary to choose the basic type, the number of stages of compression, and the horsepower required. In order... 

Once the discharge temperature is acceptable, calculate the horsepower required, and calculate suction pressure, discharge temperature, and horsepower for each succeeding stage. 

As flow rate to the compressor increases, the suction pressure rises until the volume of gas at actual conditions of temperature and pressure compressed by the cylinder equals the volume required by the cylinder. A flare valve is needed to keep the suction pressure from rising too high and overpressuring the suction cylinder, creating too high a rod load or increasing the horsepower requirements beyond the capability of the driver (see Chapter 11 for further discussion). 

The difference between the brake horsepower and the water or liquid horsepower is the pump efficiency. The requirement in either case is the horsepower input to the shaft of the pump. For that reason, the brake horsepower represents the power required by the pump, which must be transmitted from the driver through the drive shaft through any coupling, gear-box, and/or belt drive mechanism to ultimately reach the driven shaft of the pump. Therefore, the losses in transmission from the driver to the pump itself must be added to the input requirement of the driven pump and are not included in the pump s brake horsepower requirement. 

For the rising type characteristic curve, the maximum brake horsepower required to drive the pump over the entire pumping range is expressed as a function of the... 

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